Home | 简体中文 | 繁体中文 | 杂文 | 知乎专栏 | 51CTO学院 | CSDN程序员研修院 | Github | OSChina 博客 | 腾讯云社区 | 阿里云栖社区 | Facebook | Linkedin | Youtube | 打赏(Donations) | About
知乎专栏多维度架构

3.4. 单机多实例演示

在没有条件安装虚拟机也没有多台服务器的情况下我们可以使用一台服务器运行多个实例的方法也可以实现多个节点运行环境。

			
cd ~
mkdir -p ethereum
cd ethereum
mkdir data{1,2}
			
		

创建文件 genesis.json

			
{
  "nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
  "difficulty": "0x020000",
  "mixhash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "timestamp": "0x00",
  "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "extraData": "0x11bbe8db4e347b4e8c937c1c8370e4b5ed33adb3db69cbdb7a38e1e50b1b82fa",
  "gasLimit": "0x4c4b40",
  "config": {
      "chainId": 15,
      "homesteadBlock": 0,
      "eip155Block": 0,
      "eip158Block": 0
  },
  "alloc": { }
}			
			
		

3.4.1. 实例一

				
geth --datadir ~/ethereum/data1 init genesis.json
geth --datadir="~/ethereum/data1" --networkid 123456 --port 30301 --rpc --rpcaddr="0.0.0.0" --rpccorsdomain "*" --rpcport 8541		
				
			

启动后终端输出

				
neo@netkiller ~/ethereum % geth --datadir ~/ethereum/data1 init genesis.json
WARN [02-02|22:09:56] No etherbase set and no accounts found as default 
INFO [02-02|22:09:56] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/neo/ethereum/data1/geth/chaindata cache=16 handles=16
INFO [02-02|22:09:56] Writing custom genesis block 
INFO [02-02|22:09:56] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=chaindata                               hash=611596…424d04
INFO [02-02|22:09:56] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/neo/ethereum/data1/geth/lightchaindata cache=16 handles=16
INFO [02-02|22:09:57] Writing custom genesis block 
INFO [02-02|22:09:57] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=lightchaindata                               hash=611596…424d04

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --datadir="~/ethereum/data1" --networkid 123456 --port 30301 --rpc --rpcaddr="0.0.0.0" --rpccorsdomain "*" -rpcport 8541             
WARN [02-02|22:36:02] No etherbase set and no accounts found as default 
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Geth/v1.8.10-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.5
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/neo/ethereum/data1/geth/chaindata cache=128 handles=1024
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Initialised chain configuration          config="{ChainID: 15 Homestead: 0 DAO: <nil> DAOSupport: false EIP150: <nil> EIP155: 0 EIP158: 0 Byzantium: <nil> Engine: unknown}"
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Disk storage enabled for ethash caches   dir=/home/neo/ethereum/data1/geth/ethash count=3
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Disk storage enabled for ethash DAGs     dir=/home/neo/.ethash                    count=2
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Initialising Ethereum protocol           versions="[63 62]" network=123456
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=611596…424d04 td=131072
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Loaded most recent local full block      number=0 hash=611596…424d04 td=131072
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Loaded most recent local fast block      number=0 hash=611596…424d04 td=131072
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Loaded local transaction journal         transactions=0 dropped=0
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Regenerated local transaction journal    transactions=0 accounts=0
INFO [02-02|22:36:02] Starting P2P networking 
INFO [02-02|22:36:05] UDP listener up                          self=enode://53433417f11d1d9a17f155cbaad2c4ec375af7b141e2989f049b572fc3f856d78f254e58fa82ed6eab48a16b7d625527214522ec0fd3e3af030b5b8dfdadc062@14.103.209.119:30301
INFO [02-02|22:36:05] HTTP endpoint opened: http://0.0.0.0:8541 
INFO [02-02|22:36:05] IPC endpoint opened: /home/neo/ethereum/data1/geth.ipc 
INFO [02-02|22:36:05] RLPx listener up                         self=enode://53433417f11d1d9a17f155cbaad2c4ec375af7b141e2989f049b572fc3f856d78f254e58fa82ed6eab48a16b7d625527214522ec0fd3e3af030b5b8dfdadc062@14.103.209.119:30301
INFO [02-02|22:36:05] Mapped network port                      proto=udp extport=30301 intport=30301 interface="UPNP IGDv1-IP1"
INFO [02-02|22:36:07] Mapped network port                      proto=tcp extport=30301 intport=30301 interface="UPNP IGDv1-IP1"
				
			

3.4.2. 实例二

				
geth --datadir ~/ethereum/data2 init genesis.json
geth --datadir="~/ethereum/data2" --networkid 123456 --port 30302 --rpc --rpcaddr="0.0.0.0" --rpccorsdomain "*" --rpcport 8542		
				
			

启动后控制台输出与实例一类似

3.4.3. 添加节点

开启一个新终端窗口,运行下面命令查看节点一的 enode 字符串

				
geth --exec 'admin.nodeInfo.enode' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
"enode://53433417f11d1d9a17f155cbaad2c4ec375af7b141e2989f049b572fc3f856d78f254e58fa82ed6eab48a16b7d625527214522ec0fd3e3af030b5b8dfdadc062@[::]:30301?discport=0"				
				
			

进入节点二,并连接到节点一。

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
Welcome to the Geth JavaScript console!

instance: Geth/v1.8.10-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.5
 modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0

> admin.addPeer("enode://53433417f11d1d9a17f155cbaad2c4ec375af7b141e2989f049b572fc3f856d78f254e58fa82ed6eab48a16b7d625527214522ec0fd3e3af030b5b8dfdadc062@[::]:30302")
true
> admin.addPeer("enode://53433417f11d1d9a17f155cbaad2c4ec375af7b141e2989f049b572fc3f856d78f254e58fa82ed6eab48a16b7d625527214522ec0fd3e3af030b5b8dfdadc062@[::]:30301")
true



				
			

查看节点

				
> admin.peers
[{
    caps: ["eth/63"],
    id: "53433417f11d1d9a17f155cbaad2c4ec375af7b141e2989f049b572fc3f856d78f254e58fa82ed6eab48a16b7d625527214522ec0fd3e3af030b5b8dfdadc062",
    name: "Geth/v1.8.10-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.5",
    network: {
      localAddress: "[::1]:51250",
      remoteAddress: "[::1]:30301"
    },
    protocols: {
      eth: {
        difficulty: 131072,
        head: "0x611596e7979cd4e7ca1531260fa706093a5492ecbdf58f20a39545397e424d04",
        version: 63
      }
    }
}]
				
			

至此,节点已经添加完毕。

				
> exit				
				
			

退出

3.4.4. 节点测试

这里我们实现两个节点间的以太币转账。

现在两个节点上都没有任何账号

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.listAccounts' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc                                        
[]
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.listAccounts' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
[]
				
			

在两个节点上分别创建两个账号,一个是矿工账号,另一个是普通账号。

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.newAccount("abc123")' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
"0x5ad227e8d7e460713c78eebbe558473571edae72"

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.newAccount("abc123")' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
"0x3e822e05ee975e02be3f15f32b0fddced8d5bdd0"

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.listAccounts' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc 
["0x5ad227e8d7e460713c78eebbe558473571edae72", "0x3e822e05ee975e02be3f15f32b0fddced8d5bdd0"]



neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.newAccount("abc123")' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
"0xa6df3e3c141e27726f4aeb21a5dab2e5c76c9565"

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.newAccount("abc123")' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
"0xa66c7b8b1c26856d284a0b962385babe02caa51d"

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'personal.listAccounts' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc 
["0xa6df3e3c141e27726f4aeb21a5dab2e5c76c9565", "0xa66c7b8b1c26856d284a0b962385babe02caa51d"]
				
			

启动挖矿

				
geth --exec 'miner.start(1)' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc 
geth --exec 'miner.start(1)' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc 
				
			

如果正常运行,两个节点上的矿工账号都会有一定的以太币。而普通账号额度应该为零。

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0])' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
299438256000000000000

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
0

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
298000056000000000000

neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
0				
				
			

我们尝试从节点一矿工账号向节点二上的普通用户转账。

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc                               
Welcome to the Geth JavaScript console!

instance: Geth/v1.8.10-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.5
coinbase: 0x5ad227e8d7e460713c78eebbe558473571edae72
at block: 144 (Fri, 02 Feb 2018 23:24:35 HST)
 datadir: /home/neo/ethereum/data1
 modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0

> personal.listAccounts
["0x5ad227e8d7e460713c78eebbe558473571edae72"]

> personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0], "abc123")
true

> eth.sendTransaction({from: "0x5ad227e8d7e460713c78eebbe558473571edae72", to: "0xa66c7b8b1c26856d284a0b962385babe02caa51d", value: web3.toWei(1, "ether")})
"0x87c059d0769c8a74499ddd08c04a10f23b7681651615a28098d73ec63a943684"

> eth.pendingTransactions
[{
    blockHash: null,
    blockNumber: null,
    from: "0x5ad227e8d7e460713c78eebbe558473571edae72",
    gas: 90000,
    gasPrice: 18000000000,
    hash: "0x87c059d0769c8a74499ddd08c04a10f23b7681651615a28098d73ec63a943684",
    input: "0x",
    nonce: 2,
    r: "0xce004f964f268a00e90cadd4e8a685131aa34f37144f7e2e47dc7fe4ec784e55",
    s: "0x412209c18513a28422e62c4bdb85a223f190e133cf71990a87c570a3a53ae093",
    to: "0xa66c7b8b1c26856d284a0b962385babe02caa51d",
    transactionIndex: 0,
    v: "0x41",
    value: 1000000000000000000
}]
				
			

稍后一会,当使用 eth.pendingTransactions 查看挂起交易为空的时候,表示已经处理完毕。这时退出控制台。

				
> eth.pendingTransactions
[]
> exit				
				
			

现在查看节点二上的第二个普通账号余额

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
1000000000000000000
				
			

转账成功

现在我们从节点二上的普通用户向节点一上的普通用户转账。

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc                                        
Welcome to the Geth JavaScript console!

instance: Geth/v1.8.10-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.5
coinbase: 0xa6df3e3c141e27726f4aeb21a5dab2e5c76c9565
at block: 319 (Fri, 02 Feb 2018 23:50:07 HST)
 datadir: /home/neo/ethereum/data2
 modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0

> personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[1], "abc123")
true

> eth.sendTransaction({from: "0xa66c7b8b1c26856d284a0b962385babe02caa51d", to: "0x3e822e05ee975e02be3f15f32b0fddced8d5bdd0", value: web3.toWei(0.1, "ether")})
"0x951bd161dfd000ff825379cb0644c4acd4afd4d3e1ac4f4c1c6009b3c2a1d366"

> eth.pendingTransactions
[]
> exit		
				
			

查看两个普通账号的余额

				
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])' attach ethereum/data1/geth.ipc
100000000000000000
neo@netkiller ~ % geth --exec 'eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])' attach ethereum/data2/geth.ipc
899622000000000000