| 知乎专栏 ｜ 多维度架构 |
安装
pip install qrcode
neo@MacBook-Pro-Neo ~ % pip install qrcode Collecting qrcode Downloading qrcode-6.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (31 kB) Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qrcode) (1.15.0) Installing collected packages: qrcode Successfully installed qrcode-6.1
常规二维码
import qrcode
img = qrcode.make('《Netkiller Python 手札》')
img.save("text.png")
img = qrcode.make('http://www.netkiller.cn')
img.save("url.png")
颜色设置背景为白色，前景为绿色
import qrcode as qrcode
qr = qrcode.QRCode(version=1, box_size=10, border=2)
# 向二维码添加数据
qr.add_data("http://www.netkiller.cn")
qr.make(fit=True)
# 更改QR的背景为白色和绘画颜色为绿色
img = qr.make_image(fill_color="green", back_color="white")
img.save('green.png')
img.show() # 显示二维码
QRCode 参数
version: 范围为1到40整数（最小值是1，表示12×12的矩阵），如果想让程序自动生成，将值设置为 None 并使用 fit=True 参数即可。
error_correction: 二维码的纠错范围，可以选择4个常量：
1. ERROR_CORRECT_L 7%以下的错误会被纠正
2. ERROR_CORRECT_M (default) 15%以下的错误会被纠正
3. ERROR_CORRECT_Q 25 %以下的错误会被纠正
4. ERROR_CORRECT_H. 30%以下的错误会被纠正
boxsize: 每个点（方块）中的像素个数
border: 二维码图像外围边框宽度，默认为4
NAME
qr - script to create QR codes at the command line
SYNOPSIS
qr [--help] [--factory=FACTORY] [--optimize=OPTIMIZE] [--error-correction=LEVEL]
[data]
DESCRIPTION
This script uses the python qrcode module. It can take data from stdin or from the
commandline and generate a QR code. Normally it will output the QR code as ascii
art to the terminal. If the output is piped to a file, it will output the image
(default type of PNG).
OPTIONS
-h, --help
Show a help message.
--factory=FACTORY
Full python path to the image factory class to create the image with. You can
use the following shortcuts to the built-in image factory classes: pil
(default), pymaging, svg, svg-fragment, svg-path.
--optimize=OPTIMIZE
Optimize the data by looking for chunks of at least this many characters that
could use a more efficient encoding method. Use 0 to turn off chunk optimiza-
tion.
--error-correction=LEVEL
The error correction level to use. Choices are L (7%), M (15%, default), Q
(25%), and H (30%).
data
The data from which the QR code will be generated.
SEE ALSO
https://github.com/lincolnloop/python-qrcode/
使用方法
neo@MacBook-Pro-Neo ~ % qr "Some text" > test.png
安装依赖包
pip install myqr
from MyQR import myqr
# myqr.run 参数:
# words：文本/链接，或者你想说的话(不支持中文，很不友好)
# picture：背景图
# colorsize：True 表示生成彩图
# save_name：生成的二维码文件名
myqr.run(words="http://www.netkiller.com",
picture="db.png", colorized=True,
save_name="netkiller.png")
安装依赖包
pip install pyzbar
pyzbar 是调用 zbar 共享库，所以还需要安装 zbar
brew install zbar
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import pyzbar.pyzbar as pyzbar
# 读取文件，转成数组
im = np.array(Image.open("netkiller.png"))
print(pyzbar.decode(im))
# 返回的信息
print('-' * 50)
# 读取内容
print(pyzbar.decode(im)[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
输出信息
[Decoded(data=b'http://www.netkiller.com', type='QRCODE', rect=Rect(left=36, top=36, width=297, height=297), polygon=[Point(x=36, y=36), Point(x=36, y=332), Point(x=333, y=333), Point(x=332, y=36)])] -------------------------------------------------- http://www.netkiller.com
import cv2
import pyzbar.pyzbar as pyzbar
def decodeQrcode(image):
barcodes = pyzbar.decode(image)
for barcode in barcodes:
# 提取二维码数据
barcodeData = barcode.data.decode("utf-8")
barcodeType = barcode.type
# 打印调试信息
print("[INFO] Found {}: {}".format(barcodeType, barcodeData))
# 取出二维码在图像中的位置
(x, y, w, h) = barcode.rect
cv2.rectangle(image, (x, y), (x + w, y + h),
(255, 255, 255), cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT)
# 框出图像中的二维码
text = "{} ({})".format(barcodeData, barcodeType)
cv2.putText(image, text, (x, y - 10), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
.5, (225, 225, 225), 2)
return image
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 默认摄像头是0，如果读取不到，改为1试试
camera = cv2.VideoCapture(1)
while True:
# 从摄像头读取当前帧
ret, frame = camera.read()
# 转为灰度图像，转递给解码函数
gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
im = decodeQrcode(gray)
cv2.waitKey(5)
cv2.imshow("camera", im)
# 设置退出按键，按下q跳出本次循环
if cv2.waitKey(5) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
break
camera.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()