知乎专栏 | 多维度架构 |
CLI 和 TUI 开发中我们常常会用到进度条,用于展示下载或执行进度等等。
Bar |################################| 200/200 [2 / 0 / 0:00:00] (None) ChargingBar ████████████████████████████████ 200/200 [2 / 0 / 0:00:00] (None) FillingSquaresBar ▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣ 200/200 [2 / 0 / 0:00:00] (None) FillingCirclesBar ◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉ 200/200 [2 / 0 / 0:00:00] (None) IncrementalBar |████████████████████████████████| 100% [0:00:02 / 0 / 0:00:00] PixelBar |⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿| 100% [0:00:02 / 0 / 0:00:00] ShadyBar |████████████████████████████████| 100% [0:00:02 / 0 / 0:00:00] Corolored |████████████████████████████████| 200/200 Spinner %(index)d - PieSpinner %(index)d ◷ MoonSpinner %(index)d ◑ LineSpinner %(index)d ⎼ PixelSpinner %(index)d ⡿ Counter 100 Countdown 0 Stack █ Pie ● Random |██████████████████████████████▊ | 96
安装
pip install progress
演示
from progress.bar import Bar bar = Bar('Processing', max=20) for i in range(20): # Do some work bar.next() bar.finish()
执行结果
neo@MacBook-Pro-Neo ~/workspace/python % python3.9 progress-demo.py Processing |################################| 20/20
from progress.bar import Bar import time import random length = 100 bar = Bar('Processing', max=length) for i in range(length): # Do some work time.sleep(random.randrange(1, 5)*0.05) bar.next() bar.finish()
运行结果
Processing |######### | 31/100
将 # 换成 @ 符号,并且进度改为百分比。
bar = Bar('Loading', fill='@', suffix='%(percent)d%%') 演示 Loading |@@@@@@@@@@@@@ | 42%
from progress.bar import ChargingBar import time import random length = 100 with ChargingBar('Processing', max=length) as bar: for i in range(length): # Do some work time.sleep(random.randrange(1, 5)*0.05) bar.next()
运行结果
Processing ███████████████████████∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 73%
from progress.bar import FillingSquaresBar import time import random length = 100 bar = FillingSquaresBar('Processing', max=length) for i in range(length): # Do some work time.sleep(random.randrange(1, 5)*0.05) bar.next() bar.finish()
运行结果
Processing ▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▣▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢▢ 47%
bar = FillingCirclesBar('Processing', max=length) for i in range(length): # Do some work time.sleep(random.randrange(1, 5)*0.05) bar.next() bar.finish()
运行结果
Processing ◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◉◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯◯ 41%
from progress.bar import IncrementalBar import subprocess cmd = "/usr/bin/memory_pressure | tail -n 1 | cut -d ':' -f2" usage = 0 p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, bufsize=64) usage = int(p.stdout.readline().decode().replace(' ', '').replace('%', '').replace('\n', '')) p.stdout.close() p.wait() length = 100 bar = IncrementalBar('Memory', max=length, suffix='%(index)d%%') bar.goto(usage) bar.finish()
Memory |████████████████▋ | 52%
安装
neo@MacBook-Pro-Neo ~ % pip install tqdm
neo@MacBook-Pro-Neo ~ % tqdm -h Usage: tqdm [--help | options] Options: -h, --help Print this help and exit. -v, --version Print version and exit. --desc=<desc> : str, optional Prefix for the progressbar. --total=<total> : int or float, optional The number of expected iterations. If unspecified, len(iterable) is used if possible. If float("inf") or as a last resort, only basic progress statistics are displayed (no ETA, no progressbar). If `gui` is True and this parameter needs subsequent updating, specify an initial arbitrary large positive number, e.g. 9e9. --leave : bool, optional If [default: True], keeps all traces of the progressbar upon termination of iteration. If `None`, will leave only if `position` is `0`. --ncols=<ncols> : int, optional The width of the entire output message. If specified, dynamically resizes the progressbar to stay within this bound. If unspecified, attempts to use environment width. The fallback is a meter width of 10 and no limit for the counter and statistics. If 0, will not print any meter (only stats). --mininterval=<mininterval> : float, optional Minimum progress display update interval [default: 0.1] seconds. --maxinterval=<maxinterval> : float, optional Maximum progress display update interval [default: 10] seconds. Automatically adjusts `miniters` to correspond to `mininterval` after long display update lag. Only works if `dynamic_miniters` or monitor thread is enabled. --miniters=<miniters> : int or float, optional Minimum progress display update interval, in iterations. If 0 and `dynamic_miniters`, will automatically adjust to equal `mininterval` (more CPU efficient, good for tight loops). If > 0, will skip display of specified number of iterations. Tweak this and `mininterval` to get very efficient loops. If your progress is erratic with both fast and slow iterations (network, skipping items, etc) you should set miniters=1. --ascii=<ascii> : bool or str, optional If unspecified or False, use unicode (smooth blocks) to fill the meter. The fallback is to use ASCII characters " 123456789#". --disable : bool, optional Whether to disable the entire progressbar wrapper [default: False]. If set to None, disable on non-TTY. --unit=<unit> : str, optional String that will be used to define the unit of each iteration [default: it]. --unit-scale=<unit_scale> : bool or int or float, optional If 1 or True, the number of iterations will be reduced/scaled automatically and a metric prefix following the International System of Units standard will be added (kilo, mega, etc.) [default: False]. If any other non-zero number, will scale `total` and `n`. --dynamic-ncols : bool, optional If set, constantly alters `ncols` and `nrows` to the environment (allowing for window resizes) [default: False]. --smoothing=<smoothing> : float, optional Exponential moving average smoothing factor for speed estimates (ignored in GUI mode). Ranges from 0 (average speed) to 1 (current/instantaneous speed) [default: 0.3]. --bar-format=<bar_format> : str, optional Specify a custom bar string formatting. May impact performance. [default: '{l_bar}{bar}{r_bar}'], where l_bar='{desc}: {percentage:3.0f}%|' and r_bar='| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} [{elapsed}<{remaining}, ' '{rate_fmt}{postfix}]' Possible vars: l_bar, bar, r_bar, n, n_fmt, total, total_fmt, percentage, elapsed, elapsed_s, ncols, nrows, desc, unit, rate, rate_fmt, rate_noinv, rate_noinv_fmt, rate_inv, rate_inv_fmt, postfix, unit_divisor, remaining, remaining_s, eta. Note that a trailing ": " is automatically removed after {desc} if the latter is empty. --initial=<initial> : int or float, optional The initial counter value. Useful when restarting a progress bar [default: 0]. If using float, consider specifying `{n:.3f}` or similar in `bar_format`, or specifying `unit_scale`. --position=<position> : int, optional Specify the line offset to print this bar (starting from 0) Automatic if unspecified. Useful to manage multiple bars at once (eg, from threads). --postfix=<postfix> : dict or *, optional Specify additional stats to display at the end of the bar. Calls `set_postfix(**postfix)` if possible (dict). --unit-divisor=<unit_divisor> : float, optional [default: 1000], ignored unless `unit_scale` is True. --write-bytes : bool, optional If (default: None) and `file` is unspecified, bytes will be written in Python 2. If `True` will also write bytes. In all other cases will default to unicode. --lock-args=<lock_args> : tuple, optional Passed to `refresh` for intermediate output (initialisation, iterating, and updating). --nrows=<nrows> : int, optional The screen height. If specified, hides nested bars outside this bound. If unspecified, attempts to use environment height. The fallback is 20. --colour=<colour> : str, optional Bar colour (e.g. 'green', '#00ff00'). --delay=<delay> : float, optional Don't display until [default: 0] seconds have elapsed. --delim=<delim> : chr, optional Delimiting character [default: '\n']. Use '\0' for null. N.B.: on Windows systems, Python converts '\n' to '\r\n'. --buf-size=<buf_size> : int, optional String buffer size in bytes [default: 256] used when `delim` is specified. --bytes : bool, optional If true, will count bytes, ignore `delim`, and default `unit_scale` to True, `unit_divisor` to 1024, and `unit` to 'B'. --tee : bool, optional If true, passes `stdin` to both `stderr` and `stdout`. --update : bool, optional If true, will treat input as newly elapsed iterations, i.e. numbers to pass to `update()`. Note that this is slow (~2e5 it/s) since every input must be decoded as a number. --update-to : bool, optional If true, will treat input as total elapsed iterations, i.e. numbers to assign to `self.n`. Note that this is slow (~2e5 it/s) since every input must be decoded as a number. --null : bool, optional If true, will discard input (no stdout). --manpath=<manpath> : str, optional Directory in which to install tqdm man pages. --comppath=<comppath> : str, optional Directory in which to place tqdm completion. --log=<log> : str, optional CRITICAL|FATAL|ERROR|WARN(ING)|[default: 'INFO']|DEBUG|NOTSET.
from tqdm import tqdm import time for i in tqdm(range(100)): time.sleep(0.1) pass
演示效果
neo@MacBook-Pro-Neo ~/workspace/python % python3.9 /Users/neo/workspace/python/terminal/tqdm/demo.py 31%|██████████████▉ | 31/100 [00:03<00:07, 9.66it/s]
from tqdm import tqdm,trange import time for i in trange(100): time.sleep(0.1) pass
from tqdm import tqdm import time length = 50 # total 参数设置进度条的总长度 with tqdm(total=length) as bar: for i in range(length): time.sleep(0.05) # 每次更新进度条的长度 bar.update(1)
from tqdm import tqdm import time length = 50 #total参数设置进度条的总长度 bar = tqdm(total=length) for i in range(length): time.sleep(0.05) #每次更新进度条的长度 bar.update(1) #关闭进度条 bar.close()
from tqdm import tqdm import time bar = tqdm(["加载", "执行", "保存", "完成"]) for step in bar: time.sleep(1) bar.set_description("当前进度 %s" % step)
from time import sleep from tqdm import trange, tqdm import multiprocessing import random threads = list(range(5)) total = 100 def run(n): name = multiprocessing.current_process().name description = "#{} - {}".format(n, name) for i in trange(total, desc=description, position=n, ascii=True): sleep(random.randrange(1, 9)*0.1) if __name__ == '__main__': pool = multiprocessing.Pool(len(threads)) pool.map(run, threads) pool.close() pool.join()
效果展示
#0 - SpawnPoolWorker-1: 9%|######### | 9/100 [00:04<00:45, 1.98it/s] #1 - SpawnPoolWorker-4: 10%|#########9 | 10/100 [00:04<00:44, 2.01it/s] #2 - SpawnPoolWorker-2: 13%|############8 | 13/100 [00:04<00:34, 2.54it/s] #3 - SpawnPoolWorker-3: 10%|#########9 | 10/100 [00:04<00:50, 1.78it/s] #4 - SpawnPoolWorker-5: 14%|#############8 | 14/100 [00:04<00:28, 2.99it/s]
pip install alive-progress
from alive_progress import alive_bar import time items = range(10) # retrieve your set of items with alive_bar(len(items)) as bar: # declare your expected total for item in items: # iterate as usual # process each item bar() # call after consuming one item time.sleep(1)
效果展示
|████████████████ | ▇▅▃ 4/10 [40%] in 3s (1.2/s, eta: 4s)