怎样制作RPM包
http://netkiller.github.io/journal/rpm.html
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摘要
我在网上找RPM包的制作例子几乎都是C源码编译安装然后生成RPM包， 而我的程序不是C写的很多时候是脚本语言如Python, PHP 甚至是 HTML文件。怎样制作RPM包呢?
1. 为HTML手册文档制作RPM包
下面是一个spec文件
保存为 doc.spec
Summary: Netkiller's eBook
Name: netkiller
Version: 1.0.1
Release: 1
License: CC
Group: Books/Computer books
Packager: Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com>
URL: http://netkiller.github.io
%description
http://netkiller.github.io
http://netkiller.sourceforge.net
- Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array
- Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel
- Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS
- Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin
- Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB
- Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish
- Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty)
- Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst)
- Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch
- DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API
- Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
%prep
%build
mkdir -p %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/
%install
rsync -auzv ~/workspace/public_html/mail/* %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller
%pre
%preun
%post
%postun
%files
/usr/share/doc
%changelog
创建RPM包
$ rpmbuild -bb doc.spec
输出信息类似下面
$ rpmbuild -bb doc.spec Executing(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.X07xhN + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + exit 0 Executing(%build): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.ANzKAA + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + mkdir -p /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 + mkdir -p /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64/usr/share/doc/ + exit 0 Executing(%install): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.VQkPUn + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + rsync -auzv /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/21cn.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/alpine.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/author.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/constituent.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/docbook.css /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/donations.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/evolution.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/exim4 /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/faq.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/fetchmail.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/format.content.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/format.to.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/gpg4win.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/ibook.epub /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/index.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.client.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.format.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.server.exim4.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.server.postfix.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.service.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.tools.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mua.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/outlook.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/php.mail.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/postfix /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/preface.download.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/preface.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/qq.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/reader.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/smtp.error.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/sohu.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/tom.html /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller sending incremental file list created directory /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller 21cn.html alpine.html author.html constituent.html docbook.css donations.html evolution.html faq.html fetchmail.html format.content.html format.to.html gpg4win.html ibook.epub index.html mail.client.html mail.format.html mail.server.exim4.html mail.server.postfix.html mail.service.html mail.tools.html mua.html outlook.html php.mail.html preface.download.html preface.html qq.html reader.html smtp.error.html sohu.html tom.html exim4/ exim4/faq.html exim4/index.html postfix/ postfix/configure.html postfix/index.html postfix/rspamd.html sent 127853 bytes received 685 bytes 257076.00 bytes/sec total size is 280313 speedup is 2.18 + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-compress + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip /usr/bin/strip + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip-static-archive /usr/bin/strip + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip-comment-note /usr/bin/strip /usr/bin/objdump Processing files: netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 unknown, 0: Warning: using regular magic file `/etc/magic' Provides: netkiller = 1.0.1-1 netkiller(x86-64) = 1.0.1-1 Requires(interp): /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 Requires(pre): /bin/sh Requires(post): /bin/sh Requires(preun): /bin/sh Requires(postun): /bin/sh Checking for unpackaged file(s): /usr/lib/rpm/check-files /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 Wrote: /home/neo/rpmbuild/SRPMS/netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Wrote: /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.w9Y3wO + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + /bin/rm -rf /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 + exit 0
现在RPM已经制作完毕。
输出 RPM 详细信息。
$ rpm -qpi /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Name : netkiller Version : 1.0.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Books/Computer books Size : 280313 License : CC Signature : (none) Source RPM : netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 18 Apr 2013 04:51:07 PM CST Build Host : ubuntu Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com> URL : http://netkiller.github.io Summary : Netkiller's eBook Description : http://netkiller.github.io http://netkiller.sourceforge.net - Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array - Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel - Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS - Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin - Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB - Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish - Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty) - Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst) - Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch - DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API - Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
查看RPM所包含的文件
$ rpm -qpl /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/* /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/netkiller /usr/share/doc/netkiller/21cn.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/alpine.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/author.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/constituent.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/docbook.css /usr/share/doc/netkiller/donations.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/evolution.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/exim4 /usr/share/doc/netkiller/exim4/faq.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/exim4/index.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/faq.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/fetchmail.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/format.content.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/format.to.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/gpg4win.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/ibook.epub /usr/share/doc/netkiller/index.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.client.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.format.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.server.exim4.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.server.postfix.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.service.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.tools.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mua.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/outlook.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/php.mail.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix/configure.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix/index.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix/rspamd.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/preface.download.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/preface.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/qq.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/reader.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/smtp.error.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/sohu.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/tom.html
提示
只要将你要打包的内容放入 %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller 即可
这种方式不需要tar.gz包，故不能生成.src.rpm文件，即便升级里面也没有内容
2. 通过 .tar.gz 文件创建 rpm 与 src.rpm 包
准备tar包
rsync -auzv --exclude=.git --exclude=.svn /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail /tmp/netkiller-1.0.1 cd /tmp tar -zcvf $topdir/SOURCES/netkiller-1.0.1.tar.gz netkiller-1.0.1 cd -
package.spec
Summary: Netkiller's eBook
Name: netkiller
Version: 1.0.1
Release: 1
License: CC
Group: Books/Computer books
Packager: Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com>
Source: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
URL: http://netkiller.github.io
%description
http://netkiller.github.io
http://netkiller.sourceforge.net
- Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array
- Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel
- Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS
- Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin
- Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB
- Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish
- Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty)
- Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst)
- Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch
- DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API
- Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
%prep
%setup
%build
mkdir -p %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller
%install
rsync -auzv %{_builddir}/%{name}-%{version}/* %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller
%pre
%preun
%post
%postun
%files
/usr/share/doc
%changelog
创建RPM包
rpmbuild -bb package.spec
这里使用-bb参数，即可以创建 .rpm 与 .src.rpm 两个包
$ find /home/neo/rpmbuild/ -name *.rpm /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm /home/neo/rpmbuild/SRPMS/netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm
$ rpm -qpi /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Name : netkiller Version : 1.0.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Books/Computer books Size : 280313 License : CC Signature : (none) Source RPM : netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 18 Apr 2013 05:02:30 PM CST Build Host : ubuntu Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com> URL : http://netkiller.github.io Summary : Netkiller's eBook Description : http://netkiller.github.io http://netkiller.sourceforge.net - Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array - Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel - Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS - Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin - Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB - Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish - Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty) - Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst) - Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch - DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API - Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
$ rpm -qpi /home/neo/rpmbuild/SRPMS/netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Name : netkiller Version : 1.0.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Books/Computer books Size : 71292 License : CC Signature : (none) Source RPM : (none) Build Date : Thu 18 Apr 2013 05:02:30 PM CST Build Host : ubuntu Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com> URL : http://netkiller.github.io Summary : Netkiller's eBook Description : http://netkiller.github.io http://netkiller.sourceforge.net - Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array - Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel - Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS - Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin - Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB - Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish - Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty) - Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst) - Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch - DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API - Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
3. 如果你认为上面方法仍然复杂，可以尝试另一个工具 checkinstall
有兴趣可以去网上找学习资料
$ apt-cache search checkinstall checkinstall - installation tracker