| 知乎专栏 ｜ 多维度架构 |
Incoming
Traffic
|
|
V
+----------+
|PREROUTING|
+----------+
| raw | <--------------+
| mangle | |
| nat | |
+----------+ |
| |
| |
Routing |
+- Decision -+ |
| | |
| | |
V V |
Local Remote |
Destination Destination |
| | |
| | |
V V |
+--------+ +---------+ |
| INPUT | | FORWARD | |
+--------+ +---------+ |
| mangle | | mangle | |
| filter | | filter | |
+--------+ +---------+ |
| | |
| | |
V | |
Local | |
Machine | |
| | |
| | |
V | |
Routing | |
Decision | |
| | |
| | |
V | |
+--------+ | |
| OUTPUT | | |
+--------+ | |
| raw | | |
| mangle | | |
| nat | | |
| filter | | |
+--------+ | |
| | |
| +-------------+ |
| | POSTROUTING | Local
+----> +-------------+ --> Traffic
| mangle |
| nat |
+-------------+
|
|
V
Outgoing
Traffic
Redhat / CentOS
You can check to see if iptables is installed on your system by:
[root@database ~]# rpm -q iptables iptables-1.3.5-5.3.el5_4.1
And to see if iptables is actually running, we can check that the iptables modules are loaded and use the -L switch to inspect the currently loaded rules:
[root@database ~]# lsmod | grep ip_tables ip_tables 55201 2 iptable_nat,iptable_filter x_tables 50505 6 ipt_MASQUERADE,iptable_nat,xt_state,ipt_REJECT,xt_tcpudp,ip_tables
[root@database ~]# iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:domain ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:domain ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:bootps ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:bootps Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.122.0/24 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 192.168.122.0/24 anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination
显示行号
# iptables --list -nv --line-number Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 139 15916 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 1 92 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 1 40 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 5 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80 6 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:25 7 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:20 8 2 104 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:21 9 1 40 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 137 packets, 24640 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
If iptables is not running, you can enable it by running:
# lokkit --enabled --selinux=disabled # lokkit --disabled --selinux=disabled
# lokkit --enabled # ls /etc/sysconfig/iptables* iptables iptables-config iptables.old # cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables # Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall # Manual customization of this file is not recommended. *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # lokkit --disabled # ls /etc/sysconfig/iptables* iptables-config iptables.old
lokkit --enabled作用就是产生/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件。--disabled的作用是将更名为iptables.old
# system-config-securitylevel
列出规则链
列出INPUT,OUTPUT,FORWARD规则 iptables -L 列出NAT规则 iptables -t nat -L 列出过滤规则 iptables -t filter -L
显示行号
# iptables -L --line-numbers Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.2.10 2 ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.2.11 3 ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.2.12 4 ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.2.13 5 ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.2.14 6 DROP all -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination
显示包转发
# iptables -L -v
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 881 packets, 146K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 ACCEPT all -- tun0 any anywhere 192.168.2.10
0 0 ACCEPT all -- tun0 any anywhere 192.168.2.11
0 0 ACCEPT all -- tun0 any anywhere 192.168.2.12
0 0 ACCEPT all -- tun0 any anywhere 192.168.2.13
0 0 ACCEPT all -- tun0 any anywhere 192.168.2.14
0 0 DROP all -- tun0 any anywhere anywhere
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 1190 packets, 440K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 888 packets, 437K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
# iptables -L -t nat -v Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 509 packets, 43877 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 94 packets, 6038 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 163 13140 MASQUERADE all -- any br0 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 94 packets, 6038 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
刷新规则
/sbin/iptables -F /sbin/iptables -F -t filter /sbin/iptables -F -t nat /sbin/iptables -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
例 30.1. /etc/sysconfig/iptables
/sbin/iptables -F /sbin/iptables -F -t filter /sbin/iptables -F -t nat /sbin/iptables -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -t nat -P OUTPUT ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
/etc/sysconfig/iptables
-P INPUT ACCEPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i ppp0 -j ACCEPT
# Accept packets from trusted IP addresses iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.4 -j ACCEPT # change the IP address as appropriate # Accept packets from trusted IP addresses iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT # using standard slash notation iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 -j ACCEPT # using a subnet mask # Accept packets from trusted IP addresses iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.4 -m mac --mac-source 00:50:8D:FD:E6:32 -j ACCEPT
多地址输入方法
iptables -t filter -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.1,2.2.2.2,10.10.10.10 -j ACCEPT
连续范围
-A INPUT -i eth0 -m iprange --src-range 192.168.1.90-192.168.1.101 -j ACCEPT
# Accept tcp packets on destination port 6881 (bittorrent) iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 6881 -j ACCEPT
# Accept tcp packets on destination ports 6881-6890 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 6881:6890 -j ACCEPT
重定向规则
端口重定向 # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 21 -j REDIRECT --to-port 2401 将80端口重定向到8080 # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -j REDIRECT -p tcp --destination-port 80 --to-ports 8080
端口转发
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.3.9 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1000 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.3.137:8080 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.0/255.255.255.0 -d 192.168.3.137 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8080 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.3.9
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/24 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE sudo iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE -s 172.16.0.0/24 -d 0.0.0.0/0 sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE -o eth1 -s 172.16.1.0/24 -d 0.0.0.0/0 sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE -p tcp -o eth1 -s 172.16.1.0/24 -d 0.0.0.0/0
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 172.31.0.23:80
If you have a default policy of DROP in your FORWARD chain, you must append a rule to forward all incoming HTTP requests so that destination NAT routing is possible. To do this, use the following command:
iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -d 172.31.0.23 -j ACCEPT
This rule forwards all incoming HTTP requests from the firewall to the intended destination; the Apache HTTP Server behind the firewall.
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 202.103.96.10 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.0.10 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/24 -j SNAT --to-source 202.96.244.56
# # DMZ zone # $iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p TCP -m multiport -i eth0 --dport 22,25,113,80,8080 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.10 $iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p UDP -i eth0 --dport 25 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.10
DNAT ppp0/eth0
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i ppp0 --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination <web server ip> iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.4.2:80
NEW — A packet requesting a new connection, such as an HTTP request.
ESTABLISHED — A packet that is part of an existing connection.
RELATED — A packet that is requesting a new connection but is part of an existing connection. For example, FTP uses port 21 to establish a connection, but data is transferred on a different port (typically port 20).
INVALID — A packet that is not part of any connections in the connection tracking table.
放行已经启动的服务
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
禁止新的端口listen，在防火墙启动后，不在允许启动任何新的端口。
-A INPUT -m state --state INVALID,NEW -j DROP
iptables -m string -h
# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m string --algo bm --string "XXDD0S" -j DROP
限制同一IP同时最多100个http连接 iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 100 -j REJECT 只允许每组C类IP同时100个http连接 iptables -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 100 --connlimit-mask 24 -j REJECT 只允许每个IP同时5个80端口转发,超过的丢弃 iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 5 -j DROP 限制某IP最多同时100个http连接 iptables -A INPUT -s xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 100 -j REJECT
限制多少IP链接你的服务器
# allow 2 telnet connections per client host
iptables -p tcp --syn --dport 23 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 2 -j REJECT
# you can also match the other way around:
iptables -p tcp --syn --dport 23 -m connlimit ! --connlimit-above 2 -j ACCEPT
# limit the nr of parallel http requests to 16 per class C sized
# network (24 bit netmask)
iptables -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 16 \
--connlimit-mask 24 -j REJECT
# Skip proxy server IP 1.2.3.4 from this kind of limitations:
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -d ! 1.2.3.4 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 20 -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
iptables -A INPUT -i ppp0 -p tcp --syn -m connlimit --connlimit-above 15 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -s 192.186.0.0/24 -p tcp --syn -m connlimit --connlimit-above 15 -j DROP
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 50 -j REJECT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 --syn -m connlimit --connlimit-above 50 -j REJECT
例 30.2. connlimit 实例
OS: CentOS
# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Thu Mar 1 19:01:23 2012 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [548:1014604] :RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0] -A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -p udp -j DROP -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p ah -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -d 224.0.0.251 -p udp -m udp --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,ACK SYN -m connlimit --connlimit-above 50 --connlimit-mask 32 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,ACK SYN -m connlimit --connlimit-above 50 --connlimit-mask 32 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # Completed on Thu Mar 1 19:01:23 2012
CentOS
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall # Manual customization of this file is not recommended. *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,ACK SYN -m connlimit --connlimit-above 50 --connlimit-mask 32 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT
限制每IP在一定的时间(比如60秒)内允许新建立最多100个http连接数
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m recent --name BAD_HTTP_ACCESS --update --seconds 60 --hitcount 100 -j REJECT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m recent --name BAD_HTTP_ACCESS --set -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m limit --limit 3/s -j LOG --log-level INFO --log-prefix "ICMP packet IN: "
iptables -N syn-flood iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --syn -j syn-flood iptables -I syn-flood -p tcp -m limit --limit 3/s --limit-burst 6 -j RETURN iptables -A syn-flood -j REJECT
将丢弃包情况记入日志
新建LOGGING链: iptables -N LOGGING 将所有接收包导入LOGGING 链中： iptables -A INPUT -j LOGGING 设置日志前缀与日志级别： iptables -A LOGGING -m limit --limit 2/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPTables Packet Dropped: " --log-level 7 最后将包倒向DROP，将包丢弃： iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP
利用iptables 实现负载均衡
iptables -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m nth --counter 0 --every 3 --packet 0 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.101:80 iptables -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m nth --counter 0 --every 3 --packet 0 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.102:80 iptables -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m nth --counter 0 --every 3 --packet 0 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.103:80
SNAT 是控制出去的IP
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Mon Nov 28 21:25:50 2016 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [27:3804] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 47.90.44.87 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 10050 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # Completed on Mon Nov 28 21:25:50 2016 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Mon Nov 28 21:25:50 2016 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] -A POSTROUTING -o enp2s0f0 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp -m statistic --mode nth --every 5 --packet 0 -j SNAT --to-source 104.23.14.186 -A POSTROUTING -o enp2s0f0 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp -m statistic --mode nth --every 5 --packet 0 -j SNAT --to-source 104.23.14.187 -A POSTROUTING -o enp2s0f0 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp -m statistic --mode nth --every 5 --packet 0 -j SNAT --to-source 104.23.14.188 -A POSTROUTING -o enp2s0f0 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp -m statistic --mode nth --every 5 --packet 0 -j SNAT --to-source 104.23.14.189 -A POSTROUTING -o enp2s0f0 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp -m statistic --mode nth --every 5 --packet 0 -j SNAT --to-source 104.23.14.190 COMMIT # Completed on Mon Nov 28 21:25:50 2016
使用 curl 测试
$ curl http://ip.cn $ curl http://ip.cn $ curl http://ip.cn $ curl http://ip.cn $ curl http://ip.cn
你会发现每次访问的IP均不同
# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m statistic --mode random --probability .25 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.10.0.1:80 # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m statistic --mode random --probability .25 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.10.0.2:80 # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m statistic --mode random --probability .25 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.10.0.3:80 # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m statistic --mode random --probability .25 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.10.0.4:80 # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m statistic --mode random --probability .25 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.10.0.5:80
[root@linux iptables]# modprobe ipv6 [root@linux iptables]# modprobe ip6_tables [root@linux iptables]# [ ! -f /proc/net/ip6_tables_names ] && echo "Current kernel doesn't support? 'ip6tables' firewalling (IPv6)!" [root@linux iptables]# ip6tables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -s 3ffe:ffff:100::1/128 --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
#!/bin/bash
ACCCESS_LOG=/tmp/myid.access.log
TIMEPOINT='23/May/2012'
BLACKLIST=/var/tmp/black
WHITELIST=/var/tmp/white
if [ ! -f ${BLACKLIST} ]; then
touch ${BLACKLIST}
fi
if [ ! -f ${WHITELIST} ]; then
touch ${WHITELIST}
fi
for deny in $(grep ${TIMEPOINT} ${ACCCESS_LOG} | awk '{print $1}' | awk -F'.' '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."$4}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -r -n | head -n 30| awk '{print $2}')
do
if [ $(grep -c $deny ${WHITELIST}) -ne 0 ]; then
echo 'Allow IP:' $deny
continue
fi
if [ $(grep -c $deny ${BLACKLIST}) -eq 0 ] ; then
echo 'Deny IP:' $deny
echo $deny >> ${BLACKLIST}
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s $deny -j DROP
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s $deny -j DROP
fi
done
# Accept tcp packets on destination port 22 (SSH) iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Accept tcp packets on destination port 22 (SSH) from private LAN iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.0/24 --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 20 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
# WWW /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # HTTPS /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Tomcat /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
# SMTP /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT # SMTPS /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 465 -j ACCEPT # POP3 /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT # POP3S /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 995 -j ACCEPT # IMAP /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 143 -j ACCEPT # IMAPS /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 993 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p UDP -i eth0 --dport 67 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p UDP -i eth0 --dport 68 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.0/24 --dport 137 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.0/24 --dport 145 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s 192.168.0.0/24 --dport 138 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s 192.168.0.0/24 --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
accept_redirects
# echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/accept_redirects
or
# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects="0"
使自己不能ping 通 127.0.0.1 iptables -A INPUT -s 127.0.0.1 -p icmp -j DROP 192.168.0.0/24 网段无法ping能本机 iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/24 -p icmp -j DROP 禁所有机器 # iptables -A INPUT -s 0/0 -p icmp -j DROP # ICMP(PING) 接受 ! echo-request iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type ! echo-request -j ACCEPT
# Open ports for outbound established connections $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s $NET -d 0/0 --destination-port 1:65535 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp -s $NET -d 0/0 --destination-port 1:65535 -j ACCEPT
本地不允许ping 192.168.0.0/24
iptables -A OUTPUT -s 192.168.0.0/24 -p icmp -j DROP
禁所本地ping任何机器
# iptables -A OUTPUT -s 0/0 -p icmp -j DROP
# ICMP(PING) 接受 ! echo-request
iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type ! echo-request -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -j ACCEPT
# Network 1 forwarded outgoing client request to network 2 iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -p tcp -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 192.168.2.0/24 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -o eth1 -p tcp -s 192.168.2.0/24 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
# The following rules drop all TCP traffic that attempts to use port 31337: iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 31337 --sport 31337 -j DROP iptables -A FORWARD -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 31337 --sport 31337 -j DROP
例 30.3. CentOS 5.6
# iptables-save # Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Sat Dec 31 18:29:51 2011 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [1516:131654] :RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0] -A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p ah -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -d 224.0.0.251 -p udp -m udp --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # Completed on Sat Dec 31 18:29:51 2011
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel # Manual customization of this file is not recommended. *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0] -A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth3 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth2 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth1 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Wed May 23 10:58:21 2012 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [43:8584] :RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0] -A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth3 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth2 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i eth1 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p ah -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -d 224.0.0.251 -p udp -m udp --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,ACK SYN -m connlimit --connlimit-above 50 --connlimit-mask 32 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT # Completed on Wed May 23 10:58:21 2012