| 知乎专栏 |
logrotate 的配置文件是 /etc/logrotate.conf。主要参数如下表： 参数 功能 compress 通过gzip 压缩转储以后的日志 nocompress 不需要压缩时，用这个参数 copytruncate 用于还在打开中的日志文件，把当前日志备份并截断 nocopytruncate 备份日志文件但是不截断 create mode owner group 转储文件，使用指定的文件模式创建新的日志文件 nocreate 不建立新的日志文件 delaycompress 和 compress 一起使用时，转储的日志文件到下一次转储时才压缩 nodelaycompress 覆盖 delaycompress 选项，转储同时压缩。 errors address 专储时的错误信息发送到指定的Email 地址 ifempty 即使是空文件也转储，这个是 logrotate 的缺省选项。 notifempty 如果是空文件的话，不转储 mail address 把转储的日志文件发送到指定的E-mail 地址 nomail 转储时不发送日志文件 olddir directory 转储后的日志文件放入指定的目录，必须和当前日志文件在同一个文件系统 noolddir 转储后的日志文件和当前日志文件放在同一个目录下 prerotate/endscript 在转储以前需要执行的命令，这两个关键字必须单独成行 postrotate/endscript 在转储以后需要执行的命令，这两个关键字必须单独成行 daily 指定转储周期为每天 weekly 指定转储周期为每周 monthly 指定转储周期为每月 rotate count 指定日志文件删除之前转储的次数，0 指没有备份，5 指保留5 个备份 tabootext [+] list 让logrotate 不转储指定扩展名的文件，缺省的扩展名是：.rpm-orig, .rpmsave, v, 和 ~ size size 当日志文件到达指定的大小时才转储，Size 可以指定 bytes (缺省)以及KB (sizek)或者MB (sizem).
logrotate 是linux系统自带的日志分割与压缩程序，通过crontab每日运行一次。
$ cat /etc/cron.daily/logrotate #!/bin/sh test -x /usr/sbin/logrotate || exit 0 /usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf
$ cat /etc/logrotate.conf
# see "man logrotate" for details
# rotate log files weekly
weekly
# keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs
rotate 4
# create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones
create
# uncomment this if you want your log files compressed
#compress
# packages drop log rotation information into this directory
include /etc/logrotate.d
# no packages own wtmp, or btmp -- we'll rotate them here
/var/log/wtmp {
missingok
monthly
create 0664 root utmp
rotate 1
}
/var/log/btmp {
missingok
monthly
create 0660 root utmp
rotate 1
}
# system-specific logs may be configured here
配置多个日志每行写一个条，是用绝对路径
/var/log/cron
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/messages
/var/log/secure
/var/log/spooler
{
missingok
sharedscripts
postrotate
/bin/kill -HUP `cat /var/run/syslogd.pid 2> /dev/null` 2> /dev/null || true
endscript
}
通配符匹配
例如 /var/log/nginx/*.log 匹配所有 nginx 日志
/var/log/nginx/*.log {
daily
missingok
rotate 52
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 640 nginx adm
sharedscripts
postrotate
[ -f /var/run/nginx.pid ] && kill -USR1 `cat /var/run/nginx.pid`
endscript
}
$ cat /etc/logrotate.d/apache2
/var/log/apache2/*.log {
weekly
missingok
rotate 52
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 640 root adm
sharedscripts
postrotate
if [ -f "`. /etc/apache2/envvars ; echo ${APACHE_PID_FILE:-/var/run/apache2.pid}`" ]; then
/etc/init.d/apache2 reload > /dev/null
fi
endscript
}
$ cat /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-server
# - I put everything in one block and added sharedscripts, so that mysql gets
# flush-logs'd only once.
# Else the binary logs would automatically increase by n times every day.
# - The error log is obsolete, messages go to syslog now.
/var/log/mysql.log /var/log/mysql/mysql.log /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log {
daily
rotate 7
missingok
create 640 mysql adm
compress
sharedscripts
postrotate
test -x /usr/bin/mysqladmin || exit 0
# If this fails, check debian.conf!
MYADMIN="/usr/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf"
if [ -z "`$MYADMIN ping 2>/dev/null`" ]; then
# Really no mysqld or rather a missing debian-sys-maint user?
# If this occurs and is not a error please report a bug.
#if ps cax | grep -q mysqld; then
if killall -q -s0 -umysql mysqld; then
exit 1
fi
else
$MYADMIN flush-logs
fi
endscript
}
日志切割后运行脚本，通常用于通知父进程，日志已经改变。
/var/log/httpd/*log {
missingok
notifempty
sharedscripts
postrotate
/sbin/service httpd reload > /dev/null 2>/dev/null || true
endscript
}
/var/log/cacti/*.log {
weekly
missingok
rotate 52
compress
notifempty
create 640 www-data www-data
sharedscripts
}