| 知乎专栏 ｜ 多维度架构 |
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/version Linux version 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017
每个进程会对应一个/proc下的一个目录: /proc/进程ID
[root@www.netkiller.cn ~]# ls /proc/ 1 122 1449 18 1891 1942 20 2306 2507 36 44 63 75 96 ioports schedstat 10 123 1450 180 19 1943 2015 2308 2509 37 45 631 76 97 ipmi scsi 100 124 1451 1802 190 1944 2016 2327 2519 38 46 632 77 976 irq self 101 125 1452 182 1912 1945 203 2354 2521 3892 47 633 78 98 kallsyms slabinfo 102 126 1453 1825 1921 1946 2057 2359 2526 3893 48 634 79 99 kcore softirqs 103 127 1454 183 1922 1947 2060 2368 26 39 49 635 8 acpi keys stat 104 128 1455 184 1923 1948 2077 2370 27 3918 5 636 80 asound key-users swaps 105 129 1456 1843 1924 1949 2094 2372 2725 3966 50 637 81 buddyinfo kmsg sys 1057 13 1457 185 1925 1950 21 2395 2727 3980 51 638 82 bus kpagecount sysrq-trigger 106 1368 1458 1852 1926 1951 2109 24 2792 4 52 639 83 cgroups kpageflags sysvipc 107 14 1459 1858 1927 1952 2118 2465 28 40 53 64 84 cmdline loadavg timer_list 108 1437 146 186 1928 1953 2132 2466 2804 4056 532 65 85 cpuinfo locks timer_stats 109 1438 1460 187 1930 1954 2159 2467 2805 4085 54 66 86 crypto mdstat tty 11 1439 1461 188 1931 1955 22 2470 29 4087 544 67 87 devices meminfo uptime 110 1440 1462 1880 1932 1956 2218 2476 3 41 55 68 88 diskstats misc version 111 1441 1463 1881 1934 1957 2233 2489 30 42 56 69 89 dma modules vmallocinfo 112 1442 147 1882 1935 1958 2236 2493 31 43 57 7 9 driver mounts vmstat 113 1443 15 1883 1936 1959 2241 2495 3100 434 58 70 90 execdomains mtd zoneinfo 114 1444 1547 1884 1937 1962 2247 25 32 435 59 71 91 fb mtrr 115 1445 16 1885 1938 1974 2251 2502 33 436 6 72 92 filesystems net 116 1446 17 1886 1939 1985 2267 2503 3387 437 60 721 93 fs pagetypeinfo 117 1447 177 1887 1940 1986 2293 2505 34 438 61 73 94 interrupts partitions 12 1448 1786 189 1941 2 23 2506 35 439 62 74 95 iomem sched_debug
查看进程所打开的文件
[root@www.netkiller.cn ~]# ps ax | grep rsyslogd 2076 ? Sl 0:00 /sbin/rsyslogd -i /var/run/syslogd.pid -c 5 12774 pts/0 S+ 0:00 grep rsyslogd [root@www.netkiller.cn ~]# ls -l /proc/2076/fd total 0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May 9 18:02 0 -> socket:[13103] l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May 9 18:02 1 -> /var/log/messages l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May 9 18:02 2 -> /var/log/cron lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May 9 18:02 3 -> /proc/kmsg l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May 9 18:02 4 -> /var/log/secure
/proc/进程id/smaps
# cat /proc/1/smaps
查看进程使用交换分区的情况
# awk '/^Swap:/ {SWAP+=$2}END{print SWAP" KB"}' /proc/25020/smaps
532 KB
通过下面命令查看ulimit是否对进程起作用。/proc/{pid}/limits pid是进程ID
# cat /proc/25810/limits Limit Soft Limit Hard Limit Units Max cpu time unlimited unlimited seconds Max file size unlimited unlimited bytes Max data size unlimited unlimited bytes Max stack size 8388608 unlimited bytes Max core file size 0 unlimited bytes Max resident set unlimited unlimited bytes Max processes 126870 126870 processes Max open files 1024 4096 files Max locked memory 65536 65536 bytes Max address space unlimited unlimited bytes Max file locks unlimited unlimited locks Max pending signals 126870 126870 signals Max msgqueue size 819200 819200 bytes Max nice priority 0 0 Max realtime priority 0 0 Max realtime timeout unlimited unlimited us
[root@gitlab ~]# cat /proc/`pgrep -u redis redis`/limits Limit Soft Limit Hard Limit Units Max cpu time unlimited unlimited seconds Max file size unlimited unlimited bytes Max data size unlimited unlimited bytes Max stack size 8388608 unlimited bytes Max core file size 0 0 bytes Max resident set unlimited unlimited bytes Max processes 30617 30617 processes Max open files 10240 10240 files Max locked memory 65536 65536 bytes Max address space unlimited unlimited bytes Max file locks unlimited unlimited locks Max pending signals 30617 30617 signals Max msgqueue size 819200 819200 bytes Max nice priority 0 0 Max realtime priority 0 0 Max realtime timeout unlimited unlimited us
[root@gitlab ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 158 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-7100 CPU @ 3.90GHz stepping : 9 microcode : 0xea cpu MHz : 3900.500 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 22 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt intel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp md_clear flush_l1d bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit srbds bogomips : 7824.00 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 158 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-7100 CPU @ 3.90GHz stepping : 9 microcode : 0xea cpu MHz : 3900.781 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 2 initial apicid : 2 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 22 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt intel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp md_clear flush_l1d bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit srbds bogomips : 7824.00 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor : 2 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 158 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-7100 CPU @ 3.90GHz stepping : 9 microcode : 0xea cpu MHz : 3900.581 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 1 initial apicid : 1 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 22 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt intel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp md_clear flush_l1d bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit srbds bogomips : 7824.00 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor : 3 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 158 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-7100 CPU @ 3.90GHz stepping : 9 microcode : 0xea cpu MHz : 3900.459 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 3 initial apicid : 3 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 22 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt intel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp md_clear flush_l1d bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit srbds bogomips : 7824.00 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 7879260 kB MemFree: 1669960 kB MemAvailable: 2429272 kB Buffers: 408 kB Cached: 950980 kB SwapCached: 6564 kB Active: 895792 kB Inactive: 5033320 kB Active(anon): 247364 kB Inactive(anon): 4732792 kB Active(file): 648428 kB Inactive(file): 300528 kB Unevictable: 116 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 8208380 kB SwapFree: 7714812 kB Dirty: 32 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 4972664 kB Mapped: 223696 kB Shmem: 16708 kB KReclaimable: 68304 kB Slab: 166868 kB SReclaimable: 68304 kB SUnreclaim: 98564 kB KernelStack: 11168 kB PageTables: 22232 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 12148008 kB Committed_AS: 15674280 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 0 kB VmallocChunk: 0 kB Percpu: 3456 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 4628480 kB ShmemHugePages: 0 kB ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB FileHugePages: 0 kB FilePmdMapped: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB Hugetlb: 0 kB DirectMap4k: 256380 kB DirectMap2M: 8056832 kB DirectMap1G: 0 kB