| 知乎专栏 ｜ 多维度架构 |
跟踪系统调用和信号。
-tt 在每行输出的前面,显示毫秒级别的时间
-T 显示每次系统调用所花费的时间
-v 对于某些相关调用,把完整的环境变量,文件stat结构等打出来.
-f 跟踪目标进程,以及目标进程创建的所有子进程.
-e 控制要跟踪的事件和跟踪行为,比如指定要跟踪的系统调用名称.
trace=file 跟踪和文件访问相关的调用(参数中有文件名)
trace=process 和进程管理相关的调用,比如fork/exec/exit_group
trace=network 和网络通信相关的调用,比如socket/sendto/connect
trace=signal 信号发送和处理相关,比如kill/sigaction
trace=desc 和文件描述符相关,比如write/read/select/epoll等
trace=ipc 进程见通信相关,比如shmget等
-o 把strace的输出单独写到指定的文件
-s 当系统调用的某个参数是字符串时,最多输出指定长度的内容，默认是32个字节.
-p 指定要跟踪的进程pid,要同时跟踪多个pid,重复多次-p选项即可.
strace -tt -T -v -f -e trace=file -o ~/strace.log.2 -s 1024 -p 25849
strace -v ps -e 2
strace -v ls
neo@netkiller:~/workspace/Document$ strace -c ls Docbook makedoc Tex % time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- -nan 0.000000 0 11 read -nan 0.000000 0 1 write -nan 0.000000 0 38 13 open -nan 0.000000 0 27 close -nan 0.000000 0 25 fstat -nan 0.000000 0 39 mmap -nan 0.000000 0 16 mprotect -nan 0.000000 0 4 munmap -nan 0.000000 0 3 brk -nan 0.000000 0 2 rt_sigaction -nan 0.000000 0 1 rt_sigprocmask -nan 0.000000 0 2 ioctl -nan 0.000000 0 9 9 access -nan 0.000000 0 1 execve -nan 0.000000 0 1 fcntl -nan 0.000000 0 2 getdents -nan 0.000000 0 1 getrlimit -nan 0.000000 0 1 statfs -nan 0.000000 0 1 arch_prctl -nan 0.000000 0 3 1 futex -nan 0.000000 0 1 set_tid_address -nan 0.000000 0 1 set_robust_list ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 100.00 0.000000 190 23 total
neo@netkiller:~/workspace/Document$ strace -f -e open ls >/dev/null
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libselinux.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/proc/filesystems", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_IDENTIFICATION", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_IDENTIFICATION", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/gconv/gconv-modules.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_MEASUREMENT", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_MEASUREMENT", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_TELEPHONE", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_TELEPHONE", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_ADDRESS", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_ADDRESS", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_NAME", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_NAME", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_PAPER", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_PAPER", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_MESSAGES", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_MESSAGES", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/SYS_LC_MESSAGES", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_MONETARY", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_MONETARY", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_COLLATE", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_COLLATE", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_TIME", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_TIME", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_NUMERIC", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_NUMERIC", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_CTYPE", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_CTYPE", O_RDONLY) = 3
open(".", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3