知乎专栏 |
定义 properties
<properties> <spring.version>4.0.1.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties>
引用 properties
<!-- Spring dependencies --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>
例 23.1. Maven properties
pom.xml 文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.javahash.web</groupId> <artifactId>Spring4MVCHelloWorld</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>Spring4MVCHelloWorld Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <spring.version>4.0.1.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Spring dependencies --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>Spring4MVCHelloWorld</finalName> </build> </project>
用户可以使用该属性引用POM文件中对应元素的值,常用的POM属性包括:
${project.build.sourceDirectory}:项目的主源码目录,默认为 src/main/java ${project.build.testSourceDirectory}:项目的测试源码目录,默认为 src/test/java ${project.build.directory}:项目构件输出目录,默认为 target/ ${project.outputDirectory}:项目主代码编译输出目录,默认为 target/classes/ ${project.testOutputDirectory}:项目测试代码编译输出目录,默认为 target/test-classes/ ${project.groupId}:项目的 groupId ${project.artifactId}:项目的 artifactId ${project.version}:项目的 version,与 project.version:项目的version,与{version}等价 ${project.build.fianlName}:项目打包输出文件的名称。 默 认 为 {project.build.fianlName}:项目打包输出文件的名称。默认为 project.build.fianlName:项目打包输出文件的名称。默认为{project.artifactId}-${project.version}
<repository> <id>mvnrepository</id> <name>mvnrepository</name> <url>http://www.mvnrepository.com/</url> <layout>default</layout> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository>
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.3.24.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
声明父项目引用包的版本号。
<dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-netflix</artifactId> <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-config</artifactId> <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>
resources 用来处理 src/main/resources 目录中得内容
<resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/conf</targetPath> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <excludes> <exclude>development.properties</exclude> </excludes> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>development.properties</include> </includes> <targetPath>resources</targetPath> </resource> <resource> <directory>lib</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.sh</include> <include>**/*.bat</include> </includes> <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/lib</targetPath> </resource> </resources>
例 23.2. 将本地 lib/*.jar 包添加到项目中
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>cn.netkiller</groupId> <artifactId>nacos</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>nacos</name> <description>Nacos Demo</description> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> <relativePath /> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>cn.netkiller</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <scope>system</scope> <systemPath>${project.basedir}/lib/demo-1.0.0.jar</systemPath> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>lib</directory> <targetPath>BOOT-INF/lib/</targetPath> <includes> <include>**/*.jar</include> </includes> </resource> </resources> </build> </project>
例 23.3. 将本地 src/resources 打包到项目
将资源文件编译后复制到 WEB-INF/classes 目录中
<resources> <resource> <directory>src/resources</directory> </resource> </resources>
include / exclude
<resources> <!-- Filter jdbc.properties & mail.properties. NOTE: We don't filter applicationContext-infrastructure.xml, let it go with spring's resource process mechanism. --> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <filtering>true</filtering> <includes> <include>jdbc.properties</include> <include>mail.properties</include> </includes> </resource> <!-- Include other files as resources files. --> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <filtering>false</filtering> <excludes> <exclude>jdbc.properties</exclude> <exclude>mail.properties</exclude> </excludes> </resource> </resources>
<project> [...] <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <skip>true</skip> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> [...] </project>
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>shade</goal> </goals> <configuration> <transformers> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"> <mainClass>cn.netkiller.Oracle</mainClass> </transformer> </transformers> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>