URL 参数，只能传递简单数据类型，参数可以在 web 服务器日志中看到，方便调试。可以在 Web 服务器中拦截，能用于 7层负载均衡转发策略中。还能做数据统计分析。

form data 数据提交的优势是简单，key-value 对应，一般情况下，web服务器不做特殊设置，是看不到数据的，数据类型支持数组等简单类型。

json 方案是应对复杂的数据结构，方便进行反序列化操作，除了常规数据类型 int/float/string/bool 还支持 map,list 以及用户定义的 class

		
    @GetMapping("iterable")
    public Iterable<PicturePsychoanalysis> get() {
        Iterable<PicturePsychoanalysis> picturePsychoanalysis = picturePsychoanalysisService.findByAnalysisIsNull();
        return picturePsychoanalysis;

    }		
		
		

		
    @PostMapping("/{device}/question/voice")
    public String questionVoice(@PathVariable String device, @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, @RequestParam("session") String session) {

        if (file.isEmpty()) {
            logger.error("上传失败，请选择文件");
        }

        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        String filePath = "/tmp/".concat(session.concat(".mp3"));
        File saveAs = new File(filePath);
        try {
            file.transferTo(saveAs);
            logger.info("上传成功 " + fileName);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error(e.toString(), e);
            return "上传失败";
        }
        return "上传成功";
    }
		
		

		
	@RequestMapping("/get/{id}")
	public Member getStatistics(@PathVariable long id) {
		Member statistics = memberRepostitory.findOne(id);
		if (statistics == null) {
			statistics = new Member();
		}
		return statistics;
	}
		
		

MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE 执行结果反馈json数据

		
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/persons")
public class MainController {

    @RequestMapping(
            value = "/detail/{id}", 
            method = RequestMethod.GET, 
            produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE
            )
    public ResponseEntity<Persons> getUserDetail(@PathVariable Long id) {

        Persons user = personsRepository.findById(id);

        return new ResponseEntity<>(user, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

}
		
		

		
	@RequestMapping(value = "/create", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = { "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public ResponseEntity<Member> create(@RequestBody Member member) {
		memberRepository.save(member);
		return new ResponseEntity<Member>(member, HttpStatus.OK);
	}		
		
		

		
package api.config;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;

@Configuration
public class JacksonConfig {
    @Bean
    @Primary
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(ObjectMapper.class)
    public ObjectMapper jacksonObjectMapper(Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder) {
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = builder.createXmlMapper(false).build();
        objectMapper.getSerializerProvider().setNullValueSerializer(new JsonSerializer<Object>() {
            @Override
            public void serialize(Object o, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
                jsonGenerator.writeString("");
            }
        });
        return objectMapper;
    }
}

		
		

restful 将同时支持 json 和 xml 数据传递

		
package com.example.api.restful;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.example.api.domain.RecentRead;
import com.example.api.repository.RecentReadRepostitory;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/restful/article")
public class ArticleRestController {

	@Autowired
	private RecentReadRepostitory recentReadRepostitory;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/recent/read/add/{memberId}/{articleId}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = { "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public ResponseEntity<RecentRead> recentAdd(@PathVariable long memberId, @PathVariable long articleId) {
		RecentRead recentRead = new RecentRead();
		recentRead.setMemberId(memberId);
		recentRead.setArticleId(articleId);
		recentReadRepostitory.save(recentRead);
		return new ResponseEntity<RecentRead>(recentRead, HttpStatus.OK);
	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/recent/read/list/{id}", produces = { "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public List<RecentRead> recentList(@PathVariable long id) {
		int page = 0;
		int limit = 20;
		List<RecentRead> recentRead = recentReadRepostitory.findByMemberId(id, new PageRequest(page, limit));
		return recentRead;
	}
}
		
		

开发中发现很多人不适应新的接口方式，有时候只能妥协，这些顽固不化的人需要这样的数据库格式

		
{  
   "status":true,
   "reason":"登录成功",
   "code":1,
   "data":{
      "id":2,
      "name":null,
      "sex":null,
      "age":0,
      "wechat":null,
      "mobile":"13113668890",
      "picture":null,
      "ipAddress":"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1"
   }
}
		
		

返回数据必须放在 data 字典中, 而我通常是采用 http status code 来返回状态，返回结果是对象。实现上面的需求我们需要加入一个data成员变量，因为我们不清楚最终要返回什么对象。所以声明为 java.lang.Object

		
package com.example.api.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class RestfulResponse implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -4045645995352698349L;

	private boolean status;
	private String reason;
	private int code;
	private Object data;

	public RestfulResponse(boolean status, int code, String reason, Object data) {
		this.status = status;
		this.code = code;
		this.reason = reason;
		this.data = data;

	}

	public boolean isStatus() {
		return status;
	}

	public void setStatus(boolean status) {
		this.status = status;
	}

	public String getReason() {
		return reason;
	}

	public void setReason(String reason) {
		this.reason = reason;
	}

	public int getCode() {
		return code;
	}

	public void setCode(int code) {
		this.code = code;
	}

	public Object getData() {
		return data;
	}

	public void setData(Object data) {
		this.data = data;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "RestfulResponse [status=" + status + ", reason=" + reason + ", code=" + code + ", data=" + data + "]";
	}

}
		
		

Service

		
	public RestfulResponse bindWechat(String mobile, String wechat) {
		Member member = memberRepository.findByMobile(mobile);
		member.setWechat(wechat);
		memberRepository.save(member);
		return new RestfulResponse(true, 1, "微信绑定成功", member);
	}
		
		

Controller

		
	@RequestMapping("/login/sms/{mobile}/{code}")
	public RestfulResponse sms(@PathVariable String mobile, @PathVariable String wechat) {
		return memberService.bindWechat(mobile, wechat);
	}
		
		

		
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=128KB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=128KB
spring.http.multipart.enabled=false
		
		

RestController

		
package api.restful;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;

import api.pojo.RestfulResponse;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public class UploadRestController {

	private final static String FOLDER = "/tmp";

	public UploadRestController() {
		
	}

	@PostMapping("/single")
	public RestfulResponse upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes) {

		if (file.isEmpty()) {
			return new RestfulResponse(false, 0, "Please select a file to upload", "");
		}
		try {
			byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();
			Path path = Paths.get(FOLDER + "/" + file.getOriginalFilename());
			Files.write(path, bytes);

			return new RestfulResponse(true, 0, "", path.toString());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new RestfulResponse(false, 0, e.getMessage(), null);
		}
	}

	@PostMapping(value = "/group")
	public RestfulResponse group(@RequestParam("files") MultipartFile[] files) {
		List<String> filelist = new ArrayList<String>();
		try {

			for (MultipartFile file : files) {
				File tmpfile = new File(FOLDER + "/" + file.getOriginalFilename());
				file.transferTo(tmpfile);
				filelist.add(tmpfile.getPath());
			}
			return new RestfulResponse(true, 0, null, filelist);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new RestfulResponse(false, 0, e.getMessage(), null);
		}
	}
}
		
		

由于上传文件名可能存在空格等特殊字符，这里使用UUID替代文件名

		
	@PostMapping(value = "/file")
	public RestfulResponse file(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile[] files) {
		List<Object> filelist = new ArrayList<Object>();
		try {

			for (MultipartFile file : files) {
			
				UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
				String filename = String.format("%s/%s.%s", folder, uuid.toString(), this.getExtensionName(filename));

				File tmpfile = new File(filename);
				String filepath = tmpfile.getPath();
				System.out.println(filepath);
				file.transferTo(tmpfile);
				filelist.add(tmpfile.toString());
			}
			return new RestfulResponse(true, 0, null, filelist);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new RestfulResponse(false, 0, e.getMessage(), null);
		}
	}

	private String getExtensionName(String filename) {
		if ((filename != null) && (filename.length() > 0)) {
			int dot = filename.lastIndexOf('.');
			if ((dot > -1) && (dot < (filename.length() - 1))) {
				return filename.substring(dot + 1);
			}
		}
		return filename;
	}
		
		

		
获取文件名及后缀信息

MultipartFile file = new MultipartFile();
String file = file.getOriginalFilename()

获取文件名

MultipartFile file = new MultipartFile();
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(0,file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf("."))


获取文件后缀

MultipartFile file = new MultipartFile();
String fileSuffix = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf("."))


获取文件类型

MultipartFile file = new MultipartFile();
String fileType = file.getContentType()


获取文件大小

MultipartFile file = new MultipartFile();
String fileSize = file.getSize()
		
		
		

		
package cn.netkiller.controller;

import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.InputStreamResource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/download/{appId}/{device}")
public class DownloadController {

    @SneakyThrows
    @GetMapping("file")
    public ResponseEntity<InputStreamResource> download(@RequestParam("filepath") String filepath) {
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource("/tmp/document/" + filepath);
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + new String(file.getFilename().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "ISO8859-1"));
        return ResponseEntity.ok()
                .headers(headers)
                .contentLength(file.contentLength())
                .contentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("application/octet-stream"))
                .body(new InputStreamResource(file.getInputStream()));
    }

}
		
		
		

		
package cn.netkiller.test;

import lombok.SneakyThrows;

import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class Test {
    
    @SneakyThrows
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Path path = Paths.get("/netkiller/neo/example.svg");

        try {
            String mimeType = Files.probeContentType(path);
            if (mimeType != null) {
                System.out.println("Media Type: " + mimeType); // 输出: image/png
            } else {
                System.out.println("无法识别的媒体类型");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}		
		
		

下面是一个导出 CSV 文件的例子

		
	@GetMapping("/export")
	public void export(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
		response.setContentType("application/csv");
		// response.setContentType("application/csv;charset=gb18030");
		response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=\"file.csv\"");

		BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(response.getWriter());

		// 需要写入 utf8bom 头否则会出现中文乱码
		// byte[] uft8bom = { (byte) 0xef, (byte) 0xbb, (byte) 0xbf };
		String bom = new String(new byte[] { (byte) 0xEF, (byte) 0xBB, (byte) 0xBF });
		writer.write(bom);
		writer.write("A,B,C");
		writer.newLine();
		tableRepository.findAll().forEach(table -> {
			try {
				String tmp = String.format("%s,%s,%s", table.getId(), table.getMethod(), table.getMoney());
				writer.write(tmp);
				writer.newLine();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}

		});

		writer.flush();
		writer.close();
	}		
		
		

避免接口无序执行，被同时多次执行，同一时间只能有一个请求，请求完毕之后才能进行下一次请求。

		
   @GetMapping("/lock/{id}")
    public String lock1(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (id.intern()) {
            log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 上锁");
            Thread.sleep(10000);
            log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 解锁");
        }
        return Thread.currentThread().getName();
    }		
		
		

使用 ConcurrentHashMap 数据共享

		
	private final Map<String, Object> share = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    @GetMapping("/share/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> shareTest(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws InterruptedException {

//        share.computeIfAbsent(id, k -> new Object());
        share.computeIfAbsent(id, key -> {
            return new Date();
        });

        synchronized (share) {
            log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 上锁");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 解锁");
        }
        return share;
    }
		
		

		
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class MyController {

    // 被访问的接口：/hello
    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "Hello, Spring Boot!";
    }

    // 发起访问的接口：/query，通过 forward 访问 /hello
    @GetMapping("/query")
    public String query() {
        // 方式1：直接返回 forward 路径（推荐）
        return "forward:/hello";
        
        // 方式2：通过 HttpServletRequest 转发（等效）
        /*
        return request.getRequestDispatcher("/hello").forward(request, response);
        */
    }
}