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目录
版本号
neo@MacBook-Pro ~/ethereum/web3 % geth version Geth Version: 1.8.16-stable Architecture: amd64 Protocol Versions: [63 62] Network Id: 1 Go Version: go1.10 Operating System: darwin GOPATH= GOROOT=/usr/local/opt/go/libexec
帮助信息
neo@MacBook-Pro ~/ethereum/web3 % geth --help
NAME:
geth - the go-ethereum command line interface
Copyright 2013-2017 The go-ethereum Authors
USAGE:
geth [options] command [command options] [arguments...]
VERSION:
1.8.16-stable
COMMANDS:
account Manage accounts
attach Start an interactive JavaScript environment (connect to node)
bug opens a window to report a bug on the geth repo
console Start an interactive JavaScript environment
copydb Create a local chain from a target chaindata folder
dump Dump a specific block from storage
dumpconfig Show configuration values
export Export blockchain into file
import Import a blockchain file
init Bootstrap and initialize a new genesis block
js Execute the specified JavaScript files
license Display license information
makecache Generate ethash verification cache (for testing)
makedag Generate ethash mining DAG (for testing)
monitor Monitor and visualize node metrics
removedb Remove blockchain and state databases
version Print version numbers
wallet Manage Ethereum presale wallets
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command
ETHEREUM OPTIONS:
--config value TOML configuration file
--datadir "/Users/neo/Library/Ethereum" Data directory for the databases and keystore
--keystore Directory for the keystore (default = inside the datadir)
--nousb Disables monitoring for and managing USB hardware wallets
--networkid value Network identifier (integer, 1=Frontier, 2=Morden (disused), 3=Ropsten, 4=Rinkeby) (default: 1)
--testnet Ropsten network: pre-configured proof-of-work test network
--rinkeby Rinkeby network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network
--syncmode "fast" Blockchain sync mode ("fast", "full", or "light")
--gcmode value Blockchain garbage collection mode ("full", "archive") (default: "full")
--ethstats value Reporting URL of a ethstats service (nodename:secret@host:port)
--identity value Custom node name
--lightserv value Maximum percentage of time allowed for serving LES requests (0-90) (default: 0)
--lightpeers value Maximum number of LES client peers (default: 100)
--lightkdf Reduce key-derivation RAM & CPU usage at some expense of KDF strength
DEVELOPER CHAIN OPTIONS:
--dev Ephemeral proof-of-authority network with a pre-funded developer account, mining enabled
--dev.period value Block period to use in developer mode (0 = mine only if transaction pending) (default: 0)
ETHASH OPTIONS:
--ethash.cachedir Directory to store the ethash verification caches (default = inside the datadir)
--ethash.cachesinmem value Number of recent ethash caches to keep in memory (16MB each) (default: 2)
--ethash.cachesondisk value Number of recent ethash caches to keep on disk (16MB each) (default: 3)
--ethash.dagdir "/Users/neo/.ethash" Directory to store the ethash mining DAGs (default = inside home folder)
--ethash.dagsinmem value Number of recent ethash mining DAGs to keep in memory (1+GB each) (default: 1)
--ethash.dagsondisk value Number of recent ethash mining DAGs to keep on disk (1+GB each) (default: 2)
TRANSACTION POOL OPTIONS:
--txpool.nolocals Disables price exemptions for locally submitted transactions
--txpool.journal value Disk journal for local transaction to survive node restarts (default: "transactions.rlp")
--txpool.rejournal value Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal (default: 1h0m0s)
--txpool.pricelimit value Minimum gas price limit to enforce for acceptance into the pool (default: 1)
--txpool.pricebump value Price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction (default: 10)
--txpool.accountslots value Minimum number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account (default: 16)
--txpool.globalslots value Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts (default: 4096)
--txpool.accountqueue value Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account (default: 64)
--txpool.globalqueue value Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts (default: 1024)
--txpool.lifetime value Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued (default: 3h0m0s)
PERFORMANCE TUNING OPTIONS:
--cache value Megabytes of memory allocated to internal caching (default: 1024)
--cache.database value Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for database io (default: 75)
--cache.gc value Percentage of cache memory allowance to use for trie pruning (default: 25)
--trie-cache-gens value Number of trie node generations to keep in memory (default: 120)
ACCOUNT OPTIONS:
--unlock value Comma separated list of accounts to unlock
--password value Password file to use for non-interactive password input
API AND CONSOLE OPTIONS:
--rpc Enable the HTTP-RPC server
--rpcaddr value HTTP-RPC server listening interface (default: "localhost")
--rpcport value HTTP-RPC server listening port (default: 8545)
--rpcapi value API's offered over the HTTP-RPC interface
--ws Enable the WS-RPC server
--wsaddr value WS-RPC server listening interface (default: "localhost")
--wsport value WS-RPC server listening port (default: 8546)
--wsapi value API's offered over the WS-RPC interface
--wsorigins value Origins from which to accept websockets requests
--ipcdisable Disable the IPC-RPC server
--ipcpath Filename for IPC socket/pipe within the datadir (explicit paths escape it)
--rpccorsdomain value Comma separated list of domains from which to accept cross origin requests (browser enforced)
--rpcvhosts value Comma separated list of virtual hostnames from which to accept requests (server enforced). Accepts '*' wildcard. (default: "localhost")
--jspath loadScript JavaScript root path for loadScript (default: ".")
--exec value Execute JavaScript statement
--preload value Comma separated list of JavaScript files to preload into the console
NETWORKING OPTIONS:
--bootnodes value Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap (set v4+v5 instead for light servers)
--bootnodesv4 value Comma separated enode URLs for P2P v4 discovery bootstrap (light server, full nodes)
--bootnodesv5 value Comma separated enode URLs for P2P v5 discovery bootstrap (light server, light nodes)
--port value Network listening port (default: 30303)
--maxpeers value Maximum number of network peers (network disabled if set to 0) (default: 25)
--maxpendpeers value Maximum number of pending connection attempts (defaults used if set to 0) (default: 0)
--nat value NAT port mapping mechanism (any|none|upnp|pmp|extip:<IP>) (default: "any")
--nodiscover Disables the peer discovery mechanism (manual peer addition)
--v5disc Enables the experimental RLPx V5 (Topic Discovery) mechanism
--netrestrict value Restricts network communication to the given IP networks (CIDR masks)
--nodekey value P2P node key file
--nodekeyhex value P2P node key as hex (for testing)
MINER OPTIONS:
--mine Enable mining
--minerthreads value Number of CPU threads to use for mining (default: 8)
--etherbase value Public address for block mining rewards (default = first account created) (default: "0")
--targetgaslimit value Target gas limit sets the artificial target gas floor for the blocks to mine (default: 4712388)
--gasprice "18000000000" Minimal gas price to accept for mining a transactions
--extradata value Block extra data set by the miner (default = client version)
GAS PRICE ORACLE OPTIONS:
--gpoblocks value Number of recent blocks to check for gas prices (default: 20)
--gpopercentile value Suggested gas price is the given percentile of a set of recent transaction gas prices (default: 60)
VIRTUAL MACHINE OPTIONS:
--vmdebug Record information useful for VM and contract debugging
LOGGING AND DEBUGGING OPTIONS:
--metrics Enable metrics collection and reporting
--fakepow Disables proof-of-work verification
--nocompaction Disables db compaction after import
--verbosity value Logging verbosity: 0=silent, 1=error, 2=warn, 3=info, 4=debug, 5=detail (default: 3)
--vmodule value Per-module verbosity: comma-separated list of <pattern>=<level> (e.g. eth/*=5,p2p=4)
--backtrace value Request a stack trace at a specific logging statement (e.g. "block.go:271")
--debug Prepends log messages with call-site location (file and line number)
--pprof Enable the pprof HTTP server
--pprofaddr value pprof HTTP server listening interface (default: "127.0.0.1")
--pprofport value pprof HTTP server listening port (default: 6060)
--memprofilerate value Turn on memory profiling with the given rate (default: 524288)
--blockprofilerate value Turn on block profiling with the given rate (default: 0)
--cpuprofile value Write CPU profile to the given file
--trace value Write execution trace to the given file
WHISPER (EXPERIMENTAL) OPTIONS:
--shh Enable Whisper
--shh.maxmessagesize value Max message size accepted (default: 1048576)
--shh.pow value Minimum POW accepted (default: 0.2)
DEPRECATED OPTIONS:
--fast Enable fast syncing through state downloads
--light Enable light client mode
MISC OPTIONS:
--help, -h show help
COPYRIGHT:
Copyright 2013-2017 The go-ethereum Authors
中文翻译
命令:
account 管理账户
attach 启动交互式JavaScript环境（连接到节点）
bug 上报bug Issues
console 启动交互式JavaScript环境
copydb 从文件夹创建本地链
dump Dump（分析）一个特定的块存储
dumpconfig 显示配置值
export 导出区块链到文件
import 导入一个区块链文件
init 启动并初始化一个新的创世纪块
js 执行指定的JavaScript文件(多个)
license 显示许可信息
makecache 生成ethash验证缓存(用于测试)
makedag 生成ethash 挖矿DAG(用于测试)
monitor 监控和可视化节点指标
removedb 删除区块链和状态数据库
version 打印版本号
wallet 管理Ethereum预售钱包
help,h 显示一个命令或帮助一个命令列表
ETHEREUM选项:
--config value TOML 配置文件
--datadir “xxx” 数据库和keystore密钥的数据目录
--keystore keystore存放目录(默认在datadir内)
--nousb 禁用监控和管理USB硬件钱包
--networkid value 网络标识符(整型, 1=Frontier, 2=Morden (弃用), 3=Ropsten, 4=Rinkeby) (默认: 1)
--testnet Ropsten网络:预先配置的POW(proof-of-work)测试网络
--rinkeby Rinkeby网络: 预先配置的POA(proof-of-authority)测试网络
--syncmode "fast" 同步模式 ("fast", "full", or "light")
--ethstats value 上报ethstats service URL (nodename:secret@host:port)
--identity value 自定义节点名
--lightserv value 允许LES请求时间最大百分比(0 – 90)(默认值:0)
--lightpeers value 最大LES client peers数量(默认值:20)
--lightkdf 在KDF强度消费时降低key-derivation RAM&CPU使用
开发者（模式）选项:
--dev 使用POA共识网络，默认预分配一个开发者账户并且会自动开启挖矿。
--dev.period value 开发者模式下挖矿周期 (0 = 仅在交易时) (默认: 0)
ETHASH 选项:
--ethash.cachedir ethash验证缓存目录(默认 = datadir目录内)
--ethash.cachesinmem value 在内存保存的最近的ethash缓存个数 (每个缓存16MB ) (默认: 2)
--ethash.cachesondisk value 在磁盘保存的最近的ethash缓存个数 (每个缓存16MB) (默认: 3)
--ethash.dagdir "" 存ethash DAGs目录 (默认 = 用户hom目录)
--ethash.dagsinmem value 在内存保存的最近的ethash DAGs 个数 (每个1GB以上) (默认: 1)
--ethash.dagsondisk value 在磁盘保存的最近的ethash DAGs 个数 (每个1GB以上) (默认: 2)
交易池选项:
--txpool.nolocals 为本地提交交易禁用价格豁免
--txpool.journal value 本地交易的磁盘日志：用于节点重启 (默认: "transactions.rlp")
--txpool.rejournal value 重新生成本地交易日志的时间间隔 (默认: 1小时)
--txpool.pricelimit value 加入交易池的最小的gas价格限制(默认: 1)
--txpool.pricebump value 价格波动百分比（相对之前已有交易） (默认: 10)
--txpool.accountslots value 每个帐户保证可执行的最少交易槽数量 (默认: 16)
--txpool.globalslots value 所有帐户可执行的最大交易槽数量 (默认: 4096)
--txpool.accountqueue value 每个帐户允许的最多非可执行交易槽数量 (默认: 64)
--txpool.globalqueue value 所有帐户非可执行交易最大槽数量 (默认: 1024)
--txpool.lifetime value 非可执行交易最大入队时间(默认: 3小时)
性能调优的选项:
--cache value 分配给内部缓存的内存MB数量，缓存值(最低16 mb /数据库强制要求)(默认:128)
--trie-cache-gens value 保持在内存中产生的trie node数量(默认:120)
帐户选项:
--unlock value 需解锁账户用逗号分隔
--password value 用于非交互式密码输入的密码文件
API和控制台选项:
--rpc 启用HTTP-RPC服务器
--rpcaddr value HTTP-RPC服务器接口地址(默认值:“localhost”)
--rpcport value HTTP-RPC服务器监听端口(默认值:8545)
--rpcapi value 基于HTTP-RPC接口提供的API
--ws 启用WS-RPC服务器
--wsaddr value WS-RPC服务器监听接口地址(默认值:“localhost”)
--wsport value WS-RPC服务器监听端口(默认值:8546)
--wsapi value 基于WS-RPC的接口提供的API
--wsorigins value websockets请求允许的源
--ipcdisable 禁用IPC-RPC服务器
--ipcpath 包含在datadir里的IPC socket/pipe文件名(转义过的显式路径)
--rpccorsdomain value 允许跨域请求的域名列表(逗号分隔)(浏览器强制)
--jspath loadScript JavaScript加载脚本的根路径(默认值:“.”)
--exec value 执行JavaScript语句(只能结合console/attach使用)
--preload value 预加载到控制台的JavaScript文件列表(逗号分隔)
网络选项:
--bootnodes value 用于P2P发现引导的enode urls(逗号分隔)(对于light servers用v4+v5代替)
--bootnodesv4 value 用于P2P v4发现引导的enode urls(逗号分隔) (light server, 全节点)
--bootnodesv5 value 用于P2P v5发现引导的enode urls(逗号分隔) (light server, 轻节点)
--port value 网卡监听端口(默认值:30303)
--maxpeers value 最大的网络节点数量(如果设置为0，网络将被禁用)(默认值:25)
--maxpendpeers value 最大尝试连接的数量(如果设置为0，则将使用默认值)(默认值:0)
--nat value NAT端口映射机制 (any|none|upnp|pmp|extip:<IP>) (默认: “any”)
--nodiscover 禁用节点发现机制(手动添加节点)
--v5disc 启用实验性的RLPx V5(Topic发现)机制
--nodekey value P2P节点密钥文件
--nodekeyhex value 十六进制的P2P节点密钥(用于测试)
矿工选项:
--mine 打开挖矿
--minerthreads value 挖矿使用的CPU线程数量(默认值:8)
--etherbase value 挖矿奖励地址(默认=第一个创建的帐户)(默认值:“0”)
--targetgaslimit value 目标gas限制：设置最低gas限制（低于这个不会被挖？） (默认值:“4712388”)
--gasprice value 挖矿接受交易的最低gas价格
--extradata value 矿工设置的额外块数据(默认=client version)
GAS价格选项:
--gpoblocks value 用于检查gas价格的最近块的个数 (默认: 10)
--gpopercentile value 建议gas价参考最近交易的gas价的百分位数，(默认: 50)
虚拟机的选项:
--vmdebug 记录VM及合约调试信息
日志和调试选项:
--metrics 启用metrics收集和报告
--fakepow 禁用proof-of-work验证
--verbosity value 日志详细度:0=silent, 1=error, 2=warn, 3=info, 4=debug, 5=detail (default: 3)
--vmodule value 每个模块详细度:以 <pattern>=<level>的逗号分隔列表 (比如 eth/*=6,p2p=5)
--backtrace value 请求特定日志记录堆栈跟踪 (比如 “block.go:271”)
--debug 突出显示调用位置日志(文件名及行号)
--pprof 启用pprof HTTP服务器
--pprofaddr value pprof HTTP服务器监听接口(默认值:127.0.0.1)
--pprofport value pprof HTTP服务器监听端口(默认值:6060)
--memprofilerate value 按指定频率打开memory profiling (默认:524288)
--blockprofilerate value 按指定频率打开block profiling (默认值:0)
--cpuprofile value 将CPU profile写入指定文件
--trace value 将execution trace写入指定文件
WHISPER实验选项:
--shh 启用Whisper
--shh.maxmessagesize value 可接受的最大的消息大小 (默认值: 1048576)
--shh.pow value 可接受的最小的POW (默认值: 0.2)
弃用选项：
--fast 开启快速同步
--light 启用轻客户端模式
其他选项:
–help, -h 显示帮助
rpcapi 启动后允许连接到系统的API协议
geth --networkid 100000 --rpc --rpcapi "db,eth,net,web3" --rpccorsdomain "*" --datadir "/app/chain" --port "30303" console
系统默认监听 127.0.0.1 如果希望外部访问本机，需要通过--rpcaddr指定监听地址。
geth --networkid 123456 --rpc --rpcaddr="0.0.0.0" --rpccorsdomain "*" --nodiscover
默认是 127.0.0.1
HTTP endpoint closed: http://127.0.0.1:8545
通过 --rpcaddr="0.0.0.0" 指定监听地址
HTTP endpoint opened: http://0.0.0.0:8545
neo@netkiller ~/ethereum % geth --networkid 123456 --rpc --rpcaddr="0.0.0.0" --rpccorsdomain "*" --nodiscover console
INFO [01-20|01:41:33] Starting peer-to-peer node instance=Geth/v1.7.3-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.1
INFO [01-20|01:41:33] Allocated cache and file handles database=/home/neo/.ethereum/geth/chaindata cache=128 handles=1024
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Initialised chain configuration config="{ChainID: 15 Homestead: 0 DAO: <nil> DAOSupport: false EIP150: <nil> EIP155: 0 EIP158: 0 Byzantium: <nil> Engine: unknown}"
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Disk storage enabled for ethash caches dir=/home/neo/.ethereum/geth/ethash count=3
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Disk storage enabled for ethash DAGs dir=/home/neo/.ethash count=2
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Initialising Ethereum protocol versions="[63 62]" network=123456
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Loaded most recent local header number=531 hash=1a2707…3a27bc td=79083846
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Loaded most recent local full block number=531 hash=1a2707…3a27bc td=79083846
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Loaded most recent local fast block number=531 hash=1a2707…3a27bc td=79083846
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Loaded local transaction journal transactions=0 dropped=0
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Regenerated local transaction journal transactions=0 accounts=0
WARN [01-20|01:41:34] Blockchain not empty, fast sync disabled
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] Starting P2P networking
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] RLPx listener up self="enode://9f6490ffb5236f2ddc5710ae73d47c740e0a3644bbd2d67029cf4a6c4693d2f470b642fd2cc3507f7e851df60aaeb730a1270b7a477f91ec5b6b17a8a4b40527@[::]:30303?discport=0"
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] IPC endpoint opened: /home/neo/.ethereum/geth.ipc
INFO [01-20|01:41:34] HTTP endpoint opened: http://0.0.0.0:8545
Welcome to the Geth JavaScript console!
instance: Geth/v1.7.3-stable-4bb3c89d/linux-amd64/go1.9.1
coinbase: 0x83fda0ba7e6cfa8d7319d78fa0e6b753a2bcb5a6
at block: 531 (Tue, 14 Nov 2017 17:36:05 HST)
datadir: /home/neo/.ethereum
modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0
> INFO [01-20|01:41:40] Mapped network port proto=tcp extport=30303 intport=30303 interface="UPNP IGDv1-IP1"