第 2 章 Docker

安装 Docker

		
[root@netkiller ~]# dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[root@netkiller ~]# dnf install -y docker-ce docker-compose-plugin

[root@netkiller ~]# systemctl enable docker
[root@netkiller ~]# systemctl start docker
		
		

		
[root@netkiller ~]# docker -v
Docker version 19.03.12, build 48a66213fe
		
		

			
GID=$(egrep -o 'docker:x:([0-9]+)' /etc/group | egrep -o '([0-9]+)')
adduser -u ${GID} -g ${GID} -G wheel -c "Container Administrator" docker		
			
			

			
[root@netkiller ~]# id docker
uid=986(docker) gid=986(docker) groups=986(docker),10(wheel)		
			
			

			
cat > /etc/sudoers.d/docker <<-EOF
docker    ALL=(ALL)    NOPASSWD: ALL			
EOF
			
			

			
[root@netkiller ~]# su - docker
Last login: Mon Mar 21 15:43:39 CST 2022 on pts/3

[docker@netkiller ~]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES				

[docker@iZt4nazp2u494r8p1dr1zdZ ~]$ sudo ls /sbin
			
			

			
[root@netkiller ~]# dnf install -y docker-compose-plugin
			
			

			
DOCKER_CONFIG=${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}
mkdir -p $DOCKER_CONFIG/cli-plugins
curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.2.3/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o $DOCKER_CONFIG/cli-plugins/docker-compose
chmod +x $DOCKER_CONFIG/cli-plugins/docker-compose
			
			

			
[root@netkiller ~]# docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.6.0

[root@netkiller ~]# alias docker-compose='docker compose'
[root@netkiller ~]# docker-compose version
Docker Compose version v2.6.0
			
			

			
[root@netkiller ~]# cat << EOF > /etc/docker/daemon.json
> 
> {
>   "registry-mirrors": [
>     "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
>     "https://mirror.baidubce.com",
>     "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"
>   ]
> }
> 
> EOF

[root@netkiller ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json 

{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://mirror.baidubce.com",
    "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"
  ]
}

[root@netkiller ~]# systemctl restart docker

[root@netkiller ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.5.1-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.8.0)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 20.10.7
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: e25210fe30a0a703442421b0f60afac609f950a3
 runc version: v1.0.1-0-g4144b63
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-326.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Stream 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 7.514GiB
 Name: netkiller
 ID: 5GBU:CMWS:VIVP:TREZ:Y5AP:OGOW:EABK:NP4R:AWUA:S4J2:2YQ2:U7MT
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://hub-mirror.c.163.com/
  https://mirror.baidubce.com/
  https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/
 Live Restore Enabled: false			
			
			

从官方网站获得最新社区版

		
#!/bin/bash

sudo apt update

sudo apt remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

sudo apt install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release
	
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

echo \
  "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null


<!-- sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable" -->
   
sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

apt-cache madison docker-ce
		
		

查看 docker 运行状态

		
root@production:~# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-08-17 11:25:04 CST; 57s ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 7379 (dockerd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           └─7379 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.708262132+08:00" level=info msg="ClientConn switching balancer to \"pick_first\"" module=grpc
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.742384618+08:00" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support swap memory limit"
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.742397707+08:00" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support CPU realtime scheduler"
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.742489785+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.811316570+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.18.0.0/16. Daemon option --bip can be used 
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.836024290+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.858428922+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=b0f5bc3 graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=20.10.7
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.858470910+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Aug 17 11:25:04 production systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Aug 17 11:25:04 production dockerd[7379]: time="2021-08-17T11:25:04.875279830+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"		
		
		

启动参数配置 /etc/default/docker

		
neo@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/default/docker
# Docker Upstart and SysVinit configuration file

#
# THIS FILE DOES NOT APPLY TO SYSTEMD
#
#   Please see the documentation for "systemd drop-ins":
#   https://docs.docker.com/engine/admin/systemd/
#

# Customize location of Docker binary (especially for development testing).
#DOCKERD="/usr/local/bin/dockerd"

# Use DOCKER_OPTS to modify the daemon startup options.
#DOCKER_OPTS="--dns 8.8.8.8 --dns 8.8.4.4"

# If you need Docker to use an HTTP proxy, it can also be specified here.
#export http_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:3128/"

# This is also a handy place to tweak where Docker's temporary files go.
#export DOCKER_TMPDIR="/mnt/bigdrive/docker-tmp"

		
		

启动脚本 /etc/init/docker.conf

		
neo@ubuntu:~$ sudo cat /etc/init/docker.conf
[sudo] password for neo: 
description "Docker daemon"

start on (filesystem and net-device-up IFACE!=lo)
stop on runlevel [!2345]

limit nofile 524288 1048576

# Having non-zero limits causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
limit nproc unlimited unlimited

respawn

kill timeout 20

pre-start script
	# see also https://github.com/tianon/cgroupfs-mount/blob/master/cgroupfs-mount
	if grep -v '^#' /etc/fstab | grep -q cgroup \
		|| [ ! -e /proc/cgroups ] \
		|| [ ! -d /sys/fs/cgroup ]; then
		exit 0
	fi
	if ! mountpoint -q /sys/fs/cgroup; then
		mount -t tmpfs -o uid=0,gid=0,mode=0755 cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup
	fi
	(
		cd /sys/fs/cgroup
		for sys in $(awk '!/^#/ { if ($4 == 1) print $1 }' /proc/cgroups); do
			mkdir -p $sys
			if ! mountpoint -q $sys; then
				if ! mount -n -t cgroup -o $sys cgroup $sys; then
					rmdir $sys || true
				fi
			fi
		done
	)
end script

script
	# modify these in /etc/default/$UPSTART_JOB (/etc/default/docker)
	DOCKERD=/usr/bin/dockerd
	DOCKER_OPTS=
	if [ -f /etc/default/$UPSTART_JOB ]; then
		. /etc/default/$UPSTART_JOB
	fi
	exec "$DOCKERD" $DOCKER_OPTS --raw-logs
end script

# Don't emit "started" event until docker.sock is ready.
# See https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/6647
post-start script
	DOCKER_OPTS=
	DOCKER_SOCKET=
	if [ -f /etc/default/$UPSTART_JOB ]; then
		. /etc/default/$UPSTART_JOB
	fi

	if ! printf "%s" "$DOCKER_OPTS" | grep -qE -e '-H|--host'; then
		DOCKER_SOCKET=/var/run/docker.sock
	else
		DOCKER_SOCKET=$(printf "%s" "$DOCKER_OPTS" | grep -oP -e '(-H|--host)\W*unix://\K(\S+)' | sed 1q)
	fi

	if [ -n "$DOCKER_SOCKET" ]; then
		while ! [ -e "$DOCKER_SOCKET" ]; do
			initctl status $UPSTART_JOB | grep -qE "(stop|respawn)/" && exit 1
			echo "Waiting for $DOCKER_SOCKET"
			sleep 0.1
		done
		echo "$DOCKER_SOCKET is up"
	fi
end script
		
		
		

		
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
1b930d010525: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:2557e3c07ed1e38f26e389462d03ed943586f744621577a99efb77324b0fe535
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % docker image ls 
REPOSITORY                                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world                                latest              fce289e99eb9        2 months ago        1.84kB

neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % docker container ls --all
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS               NAMES
ea694b443e9e        hello-world         "/hello"            About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago                       dreamy_feistel
		
		

		
docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)
docker rm -f $(docker ps -a -q)
docker rmi -f $(docker images -q)
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q)