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106.7. Helm - The package manager for Kubernetes
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106.7. Helm - The package manager for Kubernetes

https://helm.sh

106.7.1. 安装 Helm

106.7.1.1. AlmaLinux

CURL 安装

			
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/main/scripts/get-helm-3 | bash

二进制安装

			
cd /usr/local/src/
wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.9.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf helm-v3.9.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
mv linux-amd64 /srv/helm-v3.9.4
alternatives --install /usr/local/bin/helm helm /srv/helm-v3.9.4/helm 10

106.7.1.2. Rocky Linux

			
[root@netkiller ~]# dnf install -y snapd
[root@netkiller ~]# ln -s /var/lib/snapd/snap /snap
[root@netkiller ~]# systemctl enable --now snapd.socket
[root@netkiller ~]# systemctl start --now snapd.socket
[root@netkiller ~]# snap install helm --classic
			
			

			
cat >> /etc/profile.d/snap.sh <<EOF
export PATH=$PATH:/snap/bin
EOF
source /etc/profile.d/snap.sh

106.7.1.3. Ubuntu

			
snap install helm --classic

106.7.1.4. Mac

homebrew 安装 Helm

			
iMac:~ neo$ brew install helm

iMac:~ neo$ helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.3.3", GitCommit:"55e3ca022e40fe200fbc855938995f40b2a68ce0", GitTreeState:"dirty", GoVersion:"go1.15.2"}

旧版本

			
brew install kubernetes-helm

106.7.2. 快速开始

			
# 初始化本地，并将 Tiller 安装到 Kubernetes cluster
$ helm init

# 更新本地 charts repo
$ helm repo update

# 安装 mysql chart
$ helm install --name my-mysql stable/mysql

# 删除 mysql
$ helm delete my-mysql

# 删除 mysql 并释放该名字以便后续使用
$ helm delete --purge my-mysql

106.7.3. Helm 命令

106.7.3.1. 初始化 Helm

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm init   
Creating /Users/neo/.helm 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/repository 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/repository/cache 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/repository/local 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/plugins 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/starters 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/cache/archive 
Creating /Users/neo/.helm/repository/repositories.yaml 
Adding stable repo with URL: https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com 
Adding local repo with URL: http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts 
$HELM_HOME has been configured at /Users/neo/.helm.
Warning: Tiller is already installed in the cluster.
(Use --client-only to suppress this message, or --upgrade to upgrade Tiller to the current version.)
Happy Helming!

106.7.3.2. 查看仓库列表

查看当前的 Charts 包仓库

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm repo list
NAME  	URL                                             
stable	https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com
local 	http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts

更新仓库

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm repo update
Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories...
...Skip local chart repository
...Unable to get an update from the "stable" chart repository (https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com):
	unexpected EOF
Update Complete. ⎈ Happy Helming!⎈

106.7.3.3. 搜索

在stable仓库搜索 redis应用

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm search stable/redis
NAME           	CHART VERSION	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION                                                 
stable/redis   	6.4.3        	4.0.14     	Open source, advanced key-value store. It is often referr...
stable/redis-ha	3.3.3        	5.0.3      	Highly available Kubernetes implementation of Redis

106.7.3.4. 查看包信息

查看包详细信息与帮助手册

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm inspect stable/redis

106.7.3.5. 安装

			
$ helm install stable/redis
$ helm install --name=redis stable/redis
			
			
			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm install stable/redis
NAME:   vested-termite
LAST DEPLOYED: Sun Mar 31 17:46:02 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED

RESOURCES:
==> v1/ConfigMap
NAME                         DATA  AGE
vested-termite-redis         3     0s
vested-termite-redis-health  3     0s

==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME                                        READY  STATUS             RESTARTS  AGE
vested-termite-redis-master-0               0/1    Pending            0         0s
vested-termite-redis-slave-57584f877-8njkc  0/1    ContainerCreating  0         0s

==> v1/Secret
NAME                  TYPE    DATA  AGE
vested-termite-redis  Opaque  1     0s

==> v1/Service
NAME                         TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP  PORT(S)   AGE
vested-termite-redis-master  ClusterIP  10.98.194.187  <none>       6379/TCP  0s
vested-termite-redis-slave   ClusterIP  10.111.85.208  <none>       6379/TCP  0s

==> v1beta1/Deployment
NAME                        READY  UP-TO-DATE  AVAILABLE  AGE
vested-termite-redis-slave  0/1    1           0          0s

==> v1beta2/StatefulSet
NAME                         READY  AGE
vested-termite-redis-master  0/1    0s


NOTES:
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Redis can be accessed via port 6379 on the following DNS names from within your cluster:

vested-termite-redis-master.default.svc.cluster.local for read/write operations
vested-termite-redis-slave.default.svc.cluster.local for read-only operations


To get your password run:

    export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default vested-termite-redis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 --decode)

To connect to your Redis server:

1. Run a Redis pod that you can use as a client:

   kubectl run --namespace default vested-termite-redis-client --rm --tty -i --restart='Never' \
    --env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD \
   --image docker.io/bitnami/redis:4.0.14 -- bash

2. Connect using the Redis CLI:
   redis-cli -h vested-termite-redis-master -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
   redis-cli -h vested-termite-redis-slave -a $REDIS_PASSWORD

To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands:

    kubectl port-forward --namespace default svc/vested-termite-redis 6379:6379 &
    redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a $REDIS_PASSWORD

106.7.3.6. 列表

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm list
NAME          	REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS  	CHART      	APP VERSION	NAMESPACE
vested-termite	1       	Sun Mar 31 17:46:02 2019	DEPLOYED	redis-6.4.3	4.0.14     	default

106.7.3.7. 删除

			
helm ls --all
helm delete --purge redis

106.7.3.8. 升级

			
helm upgrade -f redis-ha-values-upgrade.yaml redis-ha stable/redis-ha

106.7.3.9. 回滚

			
helm rollback redis-ha 1

106.7.3.10. 查看状态

			
neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm list               
NAME          	REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS  	CHART      	APP VERSION	NAMESPACE
vested-termite	1       	Sun Mar 31 17:46:02 2019	DEPLOYED	redis-6.4.3	4.0.14     	default  


neo@MacBook-Pro ~ % helm status vested-termite
LAST DEPLOYED: Sun Mar 31 17:46:02 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED

RESOURCES:
==> v1/ConfigMap
NAME                         DATA  AGE
vested-termite-redis         3     111m
vested-termite-redis-health  3     111m

==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME                                        READY  STATUS   RESTARTS  AGE
vested-termite-redis-master-0               1/1    Running  0         111m
vested-termite-redis-slave-57584f877-8njkc  1/1    Running  0         111m

==> v1/Secret
NAME                  TYPE    DATA  AGE
vested-termite-redis  Opaque  1     111m

==> v1/Service
NAME                         TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP  PORT(S)   AGE
vested-termite-redis-master  ClusterIP  10.98.194.187  <none>       6379/TCP  111m
vested-termite-redis-slave   ClusterIP  10.111.85.208  <none>       6379/TCP  111m

==> v1beta1/Deployment
NAME                        READY  UP-TO-DATE  AVAILABLE  AGE
vested-termite-redis-slave  1/1    1           1          111m

==> v1beta2/StatefulSet
NAME                         READY  AGE
vested-termite-redis-master  1/1    111m


NOTES:
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Redis can be accessed via port 6379 on the following DNS names from within your cluster:

vested-termite-redis-master.default.svc.cluster.local for read/write operations
vested-termite-redis-slave.default.svc.cluster.local for read-only operations


To get your password run:

    export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default vested-termite-redis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 --decode)

To connect to your Redis server:

1. Run a Redis pod that you can use as a client:

   kubectl run --namespace default vested-termite-redis-client --rm --tty -i --restart='Never' \
    --env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD \
   --image docker.io/bitnami/redis:4.0.14 -- bash

2. Connect using the Redis CLI:
   redis-cli -h vested-termite-redis-master -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
   redis-cli -h vested-termite-redis-slave -a $REDIS_PASSWORD

To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands:

    kubectl port-forward --namespace default svc/vested-termite-redis 6379:6379 &
    redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a $REDIS_PASSWORD

106.7.4. ingress-nginx

		
helm repo add ingress-nginx https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx
helm repo update

安装 ingress-nginx 并且设置为默认 ingress

		
helm upgrade --install ingress-nginx ingress-nginx/ingress-nginx \
--namespace ingress-nginx --set controller.service.type=LoadBalancer \
--set controller.ingressClassResource.default=true \
--set controller.watchIngressWithoutClass=true \
--create-namespace

让Nginx获取客户端IP地址，找到spec下的externalTrafficPolicy，把值改为Local。

		
kubectl edit service/ingress-nginx-controller --namespace ingress-nginx

106.7.5. elastic

		
helm repo add elastic https://helm.elastic.co

106.7.6. Helm The package manager for Kubernetes

https://helm.sh

106.7.7. Helm Faq

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106.6. Kubeapps 起始页 106.8. 常见问题