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168.10. 电话
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168.10. 电话

168.10.1. Linksys/PAP2T-5.1.6(LS) 登录 freeSWITCH 和 asterisk 失败

使用 Yate / Kamailio / OpenSIPS 作为 SIP 服务器，Linksys 能正常登录，拨打IP电话。换成 freeSWITCH 和 asterisk 无法注册。

使用 ngrep 抓包，经过分析，问题处在认证登录头

		
[root@netkiller ~]# ngrep -d any -qt -W byline . port 5060 | grep  'sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn' -B 4 -A 9

对比 Kamailio 与 freeSWITCH 包的差异，最终发现问题处在认证头。

Kamailio 抓包

		
U 2025/04/06 00:44:56.929467 112.97.211.57:33689 -> 192.168.0.71:5060 #7648
REGISTER sip:sip.aigcsst.cn SIP/2.0.
v: SIP/2.0/UDP 172.16.0.10:5060;branch=z9hG4bK-d7afde6a.
f: BG7NYT <sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn>;tag=caa95e5e7bbd3850o0.
t: BG7NYT <sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn>.
i: 149a4a56-4d447c9e@172.16.0.10.
CSeq: 44812 REGISTER.
Max-Forwards: 70.
Authorization: Digest username="6000",realm="sip.aigcsst.cn",nonce="Z/FfNGfxXggslcTmDFiODs1eASlSzxGl",uri="sip:sip.aigcsst.cn",algorithm=MD5,response="65963da9fec4ee95ad103a459a14fc9a".
m: BG7NYT <sip:6000@172.16.0.10:5060>;expires=3600.
User-Agent: Linksys/PAP2T-5.1.6(LS).
l: 0.
Allow: ACK, BYE, CANCEL, INFO, INVITE, NOTIFY, OPTIONS, REFER.
k: x-sipura, replaces.
--

U 2025/04/06 00:44:56.932533 192.168.0.71:5060 -> 112.97.211.57:33689 #7649
SIP/2.0 200 OK.
v: SIP/2.0/UDP 172.16.0.10:5060;branch=z9hG4bK-d7afde6a;rport=33689;received=112.97.211.57.
f: BG7NYT <sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn>;tag=caa95e5e7bbd3850o0.
t: BG7NYT <sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn>;tag=19db6516a6b774c682ff0634f6a75b73.9d6b9329.
i: 149a4a56-4d447c9e@172.16.0.10.
CSeq: 44812 REGISTER.
Contact: <sip:6000@172.16.0.10:5060>;expires=3600;received="sip:112.97.211.57:33689".
Server: kamailio (6.0.1 (x86_64/linux)).
Content-Length: 0.
.


U 2025/04/06 00:44:57.686890 192.168.0.71:5060 -> 112.97.211.57:33689 #7650
--

U 2025/04/06 00:45:11.841369 112.97.211.57:33689 -> 192.168.0.71:5060 #7658
NOTIFY sip:sip.aigcsst.cn SIP/2.0.
v: SIP/2.0/UDP 172.16.0.10:5060;branch=z9hG4bK-5a73dd90.
f: BG7NYT <sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn>;tag=caa95e5e7bbd3850o0.
t: <sip:sip.aigcsst.cn>.
i: a9c72d16-16def8f8@172.16.0.10.
CSeq: 1 NOTIFY.
Max-Forwards: 70.
o: keep-alive.
User-Agent: Linksys/PAP2T-5.1.6(LS).
l: 0.
.


U 2025/04/06 00:45:11.841559 192.168.0.71:5060 -> 112.97.211.57:33689 #7659
SIP/2.0 407 Proxy Authentication Required.
v: SIP/2.0/UDP 172.16.0.10:5060;branch=z9hG4bK-5a73dd90;rport=33689;received=112.97.211.57.
f: BG7NYT <sip:6000@sip.aigcsst.cn>;tag=caa95e5e7bbd3850o0.
t: <sip:sip.aigcsst.cn>;tag=19db6516a6b774c682ff0634f6a75b73.852b8afb.
i: a9c72d16-16def8f8@172.16.0.10.
CSeq: 1 NOTIFY.
Proxy-Authenticate: Digest realm="sip.aigcsst.cn", nonce="Z/FfQ2fxXhf24xMVhdUVZ3A0nz7MVhSw", algorithm=MD5.
Server: kamailio (6.0.1 (x86_64/linux)).
Content-Length: 0.
.

freeSWITCH 抓包

		
U 2025/04/06 01:00:55.850523 112.97.211.57:58663 -> 192.168.0.230:5060 #3147
REGISTER sip:sip.aigcsst.com SIP/2.0.
v: SIP/2.0/UDP 172.16.0.10:5060;branch=z9hG4bK-938fc74f.
f: BG7NYT <sip:1000@sip.aigcsst.com>;tag=3bdbbba1384f43ebo1.
t: BG7NYT <sip:1000@sip.aigcsst.com>.
i: 1c46607e-5b671c96@172.16.0.10.
CSeq: 53162 REGISTER.
Max-Forwards: 70.
m: BG7NYT <sip:1000@172.16.0.10:5060>;expires=3600.
User-Agent: Linksys/PAP2T-5.1.6(LS).
l: 0.
Allow: ACK, BYE, CANCEL, INFO, INVITE, NOTIFY, OPTIONS, REFER.
k: x-sipura, replaces.
.
--

U 2025/04/06 01:00:55.850630 192.168.0.230:5060 -> 112.97.211.57:5060 #3148
SIP/2.0 401 Unauthorized.
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 172.16.0.10:5060;branch=z9hG4bK-938fc74f;received=112.97.211.57.
From: BG7NYT <sip:1000@sip.aigcsst.com>;tag=3bdbbba1384f43ebo1.
To: BG7NYT <sip:1000@sip.aigcsst.com>;tag=p4681NBagg5pD.
Call-ID: 1c46607e-5b671c96@172.16.0.10.
CSeq: 53162 REGISTER.
User-Agent: FreeSWITCH-mod_sofia/1.10.11-release.18~64bit.
Allow: INVITE, ACK, BYE, CANCEL, OPTIONS, MESSAGE, INFO, UPDATE, REGISTER, REFER, NOTIFY, PUBLISH, SUBSCRIBE.
Supported: timer, path, replaces.
WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm="sip.aigcsst.com", nonce="6c3d755e-08c2-4a1d-ac40-457ca8c9c49a", algorithm=MD5, qop="auth".
Content-Length: 0.
.

差异是 Kamailio 采用 Authorization 方案，而 freeSWITCH 采用 WWW-Authenticate 方案

最终发现是 NAT Src Port 问题

解决方案

		
[root@netkiller ~]# grep "NDLB-force-rport" /etc/freeswitch/sip_profiles/internal.xml 
    <param name="NDLB-force-rport" value="true"/>

168.10.2. Avaya

168.10.2.1. 常见问题

使用 Avaya 话机，常见问题总结

拨打 Avaya 话机无忙音
拨打 Avaya 话机无忙音

经过测试 Avaya 9611 话机支持：G722，G726-32，GPCMA，PCMU，G729 编码，其他编码拨打不通。

[提示]提示

注意：G726 只支持 32K 采样，如果你选择 G726 16K，24K，40K 将无法拨通 Avaya 话机

G729 我不知道那种采样可以通，因为我的测试软件PortSIP只显示了 G729 不知道那种采样，G729a 不通。

168.10.2.2. 配置文件 46xxsettings.txt

设置NTP时间同步服务器

			

SET SNTPSRVR pool.ntp.org
设置NTP服务器，我们使用的是内网NTP
SET GMTOFFSET 8:00
设置时间与GMT时间的偏移量，默认是2:00，需要改成8:00
SET DATEFORMAT %Y/%m/%d
设置时间的显示格式 %Y是4位年，%y是2位年，%m是月，%d是日，按照习惯设置就好

语音信箱

			
#Voicemail number
#MSGNUM doesn't do anything in "SIPPING 19" mode, you have to use PSTN_VM_NUM
#SET MSGNUM YOUR_VOICEMAIL_NUMBER
SET PSTN_VM_NUM YOUR_VOICEMAIL_NUMBER
SET MWISRVR YOUR_PROXY_IP

设置SET REGISTERWAIT参数

			
SET REGISTERWAIT 1800
这个参数是话机重新向PBX注册的时间，配置文件里默认是120秒，需要和PBX上的配置一致。否则会造成通话的随机中断。			
			
			

			
设置LOGO
SET CURRENT_LOGO “TL”
#BLAKWHITE
SET LOGOS TL=http://172.20.0.180:8080/logo_bw.jpg
GOTO NEXT
#COLOR
SET LOGOS TL=http://172.20.0.180:8080/logo_c.jpg
GOTO NEXT
#NEXT

# 96xx and 96x1 IP Phones: Screensaver Supported Formats
# https://support.avaya.com/public/index?page=content&id=SOLN268065&group=UG_PUBLIC
# 160x160 for a 9610,
# Example of setting latest SIP settings file:
SET LOGOS CRAC=http://139.9.54.211/crac.png
SET CURRENT_LOGO CRAC
SET BACKGROUND_IMAGE "crac.png"
SET BACKGROUND_IMAGE_DISPLAY crac.png

# Convert them back to the default settings by commenting them out using the default settings file:
## SET  LOGOS FIFAWorldCup=../fifa_logo.jpg
## SET  CURRENT_LOGO ""  
## SET BACKGROUND_IMAGE "background_example1.jpg,background_example2.jpeg"
## SET BACKGROUND_IMAGE_DISPLAY background_example1.jpg

Once all the settings that are not commented are commented back to default, reload the file onto the server.

例 168.3. 46xxsettings.txt

				
############################################################
## ##
## 96xx SIP TELEPHONE SETTINGS ##
## ##
############################################################
SET DOMAIN sip.aigcsst.com
SET SIPDOMAIN sip.aigcsst.com
SET SIPPORT 5060
## SET SIP_CONTROLLER_LIST 121.37.215.251:5060;transport=udp,45.32.49.98:5160;transport=udp
SET SIP_CONTROLLER_LIST 121.37.215.251:5060;transport=udp,139.9.54.211:5060;transport=udp,45.32.49.98:5160;transport=udp
SET SIPREGPROXYPOLICY alternate
SET SIPPROXYSRVR  
SET ENABLE_AVAYA_ENVIRONMENT 0
SET DNSSRVR "114.114.114.114"
SET PSTN_VM_NUM "4000"
SET MWISRVR 121.37.215.251
SET SIPSIGNAL 0
SET QKLOGINSTAT 1
SET SNTPSRVR pool.ntp.org
SET GMTOFFSET 8:00
SET DSTOFFSET 1
SET DSTSTART 2SunMar2L
SET DSTSTOP 1SunNov2L
SET TIMEZONE  <SET YOUR TIMEZONE IN TZDATA FORMAT>
SET WAIT_FOR_REGISTRATION_TIMER 60
SET REGISTERWAIT 120
SET RECOVERYREGISTERWAIT 60
SET WAIT_FOR_UNREGISTRATION_TIMER 32
SET WAIT_FOR_INVITE_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT 60
SET OUTBOUND_SUBSCRIPTION_REQUEST_DURATION 180
SET NO_DIGITS_TIMEOUT 10
SET INTER_DIGIT_TIMEOUT 5
SET ENABLE_PRESENCE 0
SET ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_ON_THE_PHONE_PRESENCE 0
SET SPEAKERSTAT 2
SET SDPCAPNEG 1
SET DISPLAY_NAME_NUMBER 1
SET PLAY_TONE_UNTIL_RTP 1
SET SKILLSCREENTIME 1
SET UUIDISPLAYTIME 5
SET ENTRYNAME 0
SET ENABLE_G729 2
SET SEND_DTMF_TYPE 2
SET DTMF_PAYLOAD_TYPE 101
SET SYMMETRIC_RTP 1
SET MATCHTYPE 1
SET ENABLE_HOLD_BUTTON 1
SET SIG 2
SET PHNLD ""
SET SUBSCRIBE_SECURITY 0
SET ENABLE_IPOFFICE 1
SET SUBSCRIBE_LIST_NON_AVAYA "mwi"
SET EXTENSION_ON_TOP_LINE 2
SET PROVIDE_OPTIONS_SCREEN 1
SET DATEFORMAT %Y-%m-%d
SET TIMEFORMAT 1
SET DAYLIGHT_SAVING_SETTING_MODE 2
SET ENABLE_EARLY_MEDIA 1
SET SYSTEM_LANGUAGE "Mlf_Chinese.xml"
SET LANGUAGES "Mlf_Chinese.xml"
SET BAKLIGHTOFF 4
SET SCREENSAVERON 3

168.10.3. linphone

跨平台开源免费的 SIP 客户端

https://www.linphone.org

168.10.4. Jami

168.10.5. MicroSIP

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168.9. sngrep - SIP Messages flow viewer 起始页 168.11. FAQ